Biblio

The manufacturing and production industry must address physical, human, and cyber threats in order to secure their supply chains. Physical threats include climate change/natural disasters that may reduce the supply of raw materials and disrupt production of final products. Facility flaws – “guards and gates” – also present a physical threat that may allow penetration points at manufacturing sites. Malicious human actions (e.g., crime, sabotage, and terrorism) and non-malicious human actions (e.g., accidents and negligence) also threaten “just in time” manufacturing schedules. Finally, cyber threats including ransomware attacks, software supply chain exploits a means by which threat actors may compromise industrial control systems as well as corporate networks and information systems bringing production to a standstill.