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H, Faheem Nikhat., Sait, Saad Yunus.  2022.  Survey on Touch Behaviour in Smart Device for User Detection. 2022 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI). :1–8.
Smart Phones being a revolution in this Modern era which is considered a boon as well as a curse, it is a known fact that most kids of the current generation are addictive to smartphones. The National Institute of Health (NIH) has carried out different studies such as exposure of smartphones to children under 12 years old, health risk associated with their usage, social implications, etc. One such study reveals that children who spend more than two hours a day, on smartphones have been seen performing poorly when it comes to language and cognitive skills. In addition, children who spend more than seven hours per day were diagnosed to have a thinner brain cortex. Hence, it is of great importance to control the amount of exposure of children to smartphones, as well as access to irregulated content. Significant research work has gone in this regard with a plethora of inputs features, feature extraction techniques, and machine learning models. This paper is a survey of the State-of-the-art techniques in detecting the age of the user using machine learning models on touch, keystroke dynamics, and sensor data.
ISSN: 2329-7190
H, R. M., Shet, U. Harshitha, Shetty, R. D., Shrinivasa, J, A. N., S, K. R. N..  2020.  Triggering and Auditing the Event During Intrusion Detections in WSN’s Defence Application. 2020 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS). :1328–1332.
WSNs are extensively used in defence application for monitoring militant activities in various ways in large unknown territories. Here WSNs has to have large set of distributed systems in the form as sensors nodes. Along with security concerns, False Alarming is also a factor which may interrupt the service and downgrade the application further. Thus in our work we have made sure that when a trigger is raised to an event, images can be captured from the connected cameras so that it will be helpful for both auditing the event as well as capturing the scene which led to the triggering of the event.
H, R. M., Shrinivasa, R, C., M, D. R., J, A. N., S, K. R. N..  2020.  Biometric Authentication for Safety Lockers Using Cardiac Vectors. 2020 International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems (ICPECTS). :1—5.

Security has become the vital component of today's technology. People wish to safeguard their valuable items in bank lockers. With growing technology most of the banks have replaced the manual lockers by digital lockers. Even though there are numerous biometric approaches, these are not robust. In this work we propose a new approach for personal biometric identification based on features extracted from ECG.

H. Bahrami, K. Hajsadeghi.  2015.  "Circuit design to improve security of telecommunication devices". 2015 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech). :171-175.

Security in mobile handsets of telecommunication standards such as GSM, Project 25 and TETRA is very important, especially when governments and military forces use handsets and telecommunication devices. Although telecommunication could be quite secure by using encryption, coding, tunneling and exclusive channel, attackers create new ways to bypass them without the knowledge of the legitimate user. In this paper we introduce a new, simple and economical circuit to warn the user in cases where the message is not encrypted because of manipulation by attackers or accidental damage. This circuit not only consumes very low power but also is created to sustain telecommunication devices in aspect of security and using friendly. Warning to user causes the best practices of telecommunication devices without wasting time and energy for fault detection.

H. Chi, Y. Chen, T. Jin, X. Jin, S. Zheng, X. Zhang.  2015.  "Photonics-assisted compressive sensing for sparse signal acquisition". 2015 Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC). :1-2.

Compressive sensing (CS) is a novel technology for sparse signal acquisition with sub-Nyquist sampling rate but with relative high resolution. Photonics-assisted CS has attracted much attention recently due the benefit of wide bandwidth provided by photonics. This paper discusses the approaches to realizing photonics-assisted CS.

H. K. Sharma, R. Tomar, J. C. Patni.  2015.  "HRJ_encryption: An ASCII code based encryption algorithm and its implementation". 2015 2nd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom). :1024-1027.

The transmission of data over a common transmission media revolute the world of information sharing from personal desktop to cloud computing. But the risk of the information theft has increased in the same ratio by the third party working on the same channel. The risk can be avoided using the suitable encryption algorithm. Using the best suited algorithm the transmitted data will be encrypted before placing it on the common channel. Using the public key or the private key the encrypted data can be decrypted by the authenticated user. It will avoid the risk of information theft by the unauthenticated user. In this work we have proposed an encryption algorithm which uses the ASCII code to encrypt the plain text. The common key will be used by sender or receiver to encrypt and decrypt the text for secure communication.

H. Kiragu, G. Kamucha, E. Mwangi.  2015.  "A fast procedure for acquisition and reconstruction of magnetic resonance images using compressive sampling". AFRICON 2015. :1-5.

This paper proposes a fast and robust procedure for sensing and reconstruction of sparse or compressible magnetic resonance images based on the compressive sampling theory. The algorithm starts with incoherent undersampling of the k-space data of the image using a random matrix. The undersampled data is sparsified using Haar transformation. The Haar transform coefficients of the k-space data are then reconstructed using the orthogonal matching Pursuit algorithm. The reconstructed coefficients are inverse transformed into k-space data and then into the image in spatial domain. Finally, a median filter is used to suppress the recovery noise artifacts. Experimental results show that the proposed procedure greatly reduces the image data acquisition time without significantly reducing the image quality. The results also show that the error in the reconstructed image is reduced by median filtering.

H. M. Ruan, M. H. Tsai, Y. N. Huang, Y. H. Liao, C. L. Lei.  2015.  "Discovery of De-identification Policies Considering Re-identification Risks and Information Loss". 2015 10th Asia Joint Conference on Information Security. :69-76.

In data analysis, it is always a tough task to strike the balance between the privacy and the applicability of the data. Due to the demand for individual privacy, the data are being more or less obscured before being released or outsourced to avoid possible privacy leakage. This process is so called de-identification. To discuss a de-identification policy, the most important two aspects should be the re-identification risk and the information loss. In this paper, we introduce a novel policy searching method to efficiently find out proper de-identification policies according to acceptable re-identification risk while retaining the information resided in the data. With the UCI Machine Learning Repository as our real world dataset, the re-identification risk can therefore be able to reflect the true risk of the de-identified data under the de-identification policies. Moreover, using the proposed algorithm, one can then efficiently acquire policies with higher information entropy.

H. S. Jeon, H. Jung, W. Chun.  2015.  "An extended web browser for id/locator separation network". 2015 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC). :749-754.

With the pretty prompt growth in Internet content, the main usage pattern of internet is shifting from traditional host-to-host model to content dissemination model. To support content distribution, content delivery networks (CDNs) gives an ad-hoc solution and some of future internet projects suggest a clean-slate design. Web applications have become one of the fundamental internet services. How to effectively support the popular browser-based web application is one of keys to success for future internet projects. This paper proposes the IDNet-based web applications. IDNet consists of id/locator separation scheme and domain-insulated autonomous network architecture (DIANA) which redesign the future internet in the clean slate basis. We design and develop an IDNet Browser based on the open source Qt. IDNet browser enables ID fetching and rendering by both `idp:/' schemes URID (Universal Resource Identifier) and `http:/' schemes URI in HTML The experiment shows that it can well be applicable to the IDNet test topology.

H. S. Jeon, H. Jung, W. Chun.  2015.  "ID Based Web Browser with P2P Property". 2015 9th International Conference on Future Generation Communication and Networking (FGCN). :41-44.

The main usage pattern of internet is shifting from traditional host-to-host central model to content dissemination model. It leads to the pretty prompt growth in Internet content. CDN and P2P are two mainstream techmologies to provide streaming content services in the current Internet. In recent years, some researchers have begun to focus on CDN-P2P-hybrid architecture and ISP-friendly P2P content delivery technology. Web applications have become one of the fundamental internet services. How to effectively support the popular browser-based web application is one of keys to success for future internet projects. This paper proposes ID based browser with caching in IDNet. IDNet consists of id/locator separation scheme and domain-insulated autonomous network architecture (DIANA) which redesign the future internet in the clean slate basis. Experiment shows that ID web browser with caching function can support how to disseminate content and how to find the closet network in IDNet having identical contents.

H. Taha, E. Alsusa.  2015.  "A MIMO Precoding Based Physical Layer Security Technique for Key Exchange Encryption". 2015 IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). :1-5.

Secret key establishment is considered to be one of the main challenging issues in cryptography. Many security algorithms are implemented in practice using complicated mathematical methods to exchange secret keys, but those methods are not desirable in power limited terminals such as cellular and sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a physical layer method for exchanging secret key bits in precoding based multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The proposed method uniquely relates the key bits to the indices of the precoding matrix used for MIMO channel precoding. The basic idea of the technique is to utilize a MIMO-OFDM precoding codebook. Comparative analysis with respect to the average number of mismatch bits, named key error rate (KER), shows an interesting lead for the new method relative to existing work. In addition, it will be shown that the proposed technique requires lower computation per byte per secret key.

H. Ulusoy, M. Kantarcioglu, B. Thuraisingham, L. Khan.  2015.  "Honeypot based unauthorized data access detection in MapReduce systems". 2015 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI). :126-131.

The data processing capabilities of MapReduce systems pioneered with the on-demand scalability of cloud computing have enabled the Big Data revolution. However, the data controllers/owners worried about the privacy and accountability impact of storing their data in the cloud infrastructures as the existing cloud computing solutions provide very limited control on the underlying systems. The intuitive approach - encrypting data before uploading to the cloud - is not applicable to MapReduce computation as the data analytics tasks are ad-hoc defined in the MapReduce environment using general programming languages (e.g, Java) and homomorphic encryption methods that can scale to big data do not exist. In this paper, we address the challenges of determining and detecting unauthorized access to data stored in MapReduce based cloud environments. To this end, we introduce alarm raising honeypots distributed over the data that are not accessed by the authorized MapReduce jobs, but only by the attackers and/or unauthorized users. Our analysis shows that unauthorized data accesses can be detected with reasonable performance in MapReduce based cloud environments.

Ha, Dinh Truc, Retière, Nicolas, Caputo, Jean-Guy.  2019.  A New Metric to Quantify the Vulnerability of Power Grids. 2019 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE). :206—213.
Major blackouts are due to cascading failures in power systems. These failures usually occur at vulnerable links of the network. To identify these, indicators have already been defined using complex network theory. However, most of these indicators only depend on the topology of the grid; they fail to detect the weak links. We introduce a new metric to identify the vulnerable lines, based on the load-flow equations and the grid geometry. Contrary to the topological indicators, ours is built from the electrical equations and considers the location and magnitude of the loads and of the power generators. We apply this new metric to the IEEE 118-bus system and compare its prediction of weak links to the ones given by an industrial software. The agreement is very well and shows that using our indicator a simple examination of the network and its generator and load distribution suffices to find the weak lines.
Ha, Duy An, Nguyen, Kha Tho, Zao, John K..  2016.  Efficient Authentication of Resource-constrained IoT Devices Based on ECQV Implicit Certificates and Datagram Transport Layer Security Protocol. Proceedings of the Seventh Symposium on Information and Communication Technology. :173–179.

This paper introduces a design and implementation of a security scheme for the Internet of Things (IoT) based on ECQV Implicit Certificates and Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol. In this proposed security scheme, Elliptic curve cryptography based ECQV implicit certificate plays a key role allowing mutual authentication and key establishment between two resource-constrained IoT devices. We present how IoT devices get ECQV implicit certificates and use them for authenticated key exchange in DTLS. An evaluation of execution time of the implementation is also conducted to assess the efficiency of the solution.

Ha, Taehyun, Lee, Sangwon, Kim, Sangyeon.  2018.  Designing Explainability of an Artificial Intelligence System. Proceedings of the Technology, Mind, and Society. :14:1–14:1.

Explainability and accuracy of the machine learning algorithms usually laid on a trade-off relationship. Several algorithms such as deep-learning artificial neural networks have high accuracy but low explainability. Since there were only limited ways to access the learning and prediction processes in algorithms, researchers and users were not able to understand how the results were given to them. However, a recent project, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) by DARPA, showed that AI systems can be highly explainable but also accurate. Several technical reports of XAI suggested ways of extracting explainable features and their positive effects on users; the results showed that explainability of AI was helpful to make users understand and trust the system. However, only a few studies have addressed why the explainability can bring positive effects to users. We suggest theoretical reasons from the attribution theory and anthropomorphism studies. Trough a review, we develop three hypotheses: (1) causal attribution is a human nature and thus a system which provides casual explanation on their process will affect users to attribute the result of system; (2) Based on the attribution results, users will perceive the system as human-like and which will be a motivation of anthropomorphism; (3) The system will be perceived by the users through the anthropomorphism. We provide a research framework for designing causal explainability of an AI system and discuss the expected results of the research.

Ha\c silo\u glu, A., Bali, A..  2018.  Central Audit Logging Mechanism in Personal Data Web Services. 2018 6th International Symposium on Digital Forensic and Security (ISDFS). :1-3.

Personal data have been compiled and harnessed by a great number of establishments to execute their legal activities. Establishments are legally bound to maintain the confidentiality and security of personal data. Hence it is a requirement to provide access logs for the personal information. Depending on the needs and capacity, personal data can be opened to the users via platforms such as file system, database and web service. Web service platform is a popular alternative since it is autonomous and can isolate the data source from the user. In this paper, the way to log personal data accessed via web service method has been discussed. As an alternative to classical method in which logs were recorded and saved by client applications, a different mechanism of forming a central audit log with API manager has been investigated. By forging a model policy to exemplify central logging method, its advantages and disadvantages have been explored. It has been concluded in the end that this model could be employed in centrally recording audit logs.

Haah, Jeongwan, Harrow, Aram W., Ji, Zhengfeng, Wu, Xiaodi, Yu, Nengkun.  2016.  Sample-optimal Tomography of Quantum States. Proceedings of the Forty-eighth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. :913–925.

It is a fundamental problem to decide how many copies of an unknown mixed quantum state are necessary and sufficient to determine the state. This is the quantum analogue of the problem of estimating a probability distribution given some number of samples. Previously, it was known only that estimating states to error є in trace distance required O(dr2/є2) copies for a d-dimensional density matrix of rank r. Here, we give a measurement scheme (POVM) that uses O( (dr/ δ ) ln(d/δ) ) copies to estimate ρ to error δ in infidelity. This implies O( (dr / є2)· ln(d/є) ) copies suffice to achieve error є in trace distance. For fixed d, our measurement can be implemented on a quantum computer in time polynomial in n. We also use the Holevo bound from quantum information theory to prove a lower bound of Ω(dr/є2)/ log(d/rє) copies needed to achieve error є in trace distance. This implies a lower bound Ω(dr/δ)/log(d/rδ) for the estimation error δ in infidelity. These match our upper bounds up to log factors. Our techniques can also show an Ω(r2d/δ) lower bound for measurement strategies in which each copy is measured individually and then the outcomes are classically post-processed to produce an estimate. This matches the known achievability results and proves for the first time that such “product” measurements have asymptotically suboptimal scaling with d and r.

Haah, Jeongwan, Harrow, Aram W., Ji, Zhengfeng, Wu, Xiaodi, Yu, Nengkun.  2016.  Sample-optimal Tomography of Quantum States. Proceedings of the Forty-eighth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. :913–925.

It is a fundamental problem to decide how many copies of an unknown mixed quantum state are necessary and sufficient to determine the state. This is the quantum analogue of the problem of estimating a probability distribution given some number of samples. Previously, it was known only that estimating states to error є in trace distance required O(dr2/є2) copies for a d-dimensional density matrix of rank r. Here, we give a measurement scheme (POVM) that uses O( (dr/ δ ) ln(d/δ) ) copies to estimate ρ to error δ in infidelity. This implies O( (dr / є2)· ln(d/є) ) copies suffice to achieve error є in trace distance. For fixed d, our measurement can be implemented on a quantum computer in time polynomial in n. We also use the Holevo bound from quantum information theory to prove a lower bound of Ω(dr/є2)/ log(d/rє) copies needed to achieve error є in trace distance. This implies a lower bound Ω(dr/δ)/log(d/rδ) for the estimation error δ in infidelity. These match our upper bounds up to log factors. Our techniques can also show an Ω(r2d/δ) lower bound for measurement strategies in which each copy is measured individually and then the outcomes are classically post-processed to produce an estimate. This matches the known achievability results and proves for the first time that such “product” measurements have asymptotically suboptimal scaling with d and r.

Haakensen, T., Thulasiraman, P..  2017.  Enhancing Sink Node Anonymity in Tactical Sensor Networks Using a Reactive Routing Protocol. 2017 IEEE 8th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON). :115–121.

Tactical wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are deployed over a region of interest for mission centric operations. The sink node in a tactical WSN is the aggregation point of data processing. Due to its essential role in the network, the sink node is a high priority target for an attacker who wishes to disable a tactical WSN. This paper focuses on the mitigation of sink-node vulnerability in a tactical WSN. Specifically, we study the issue of protecting the sink node through a technique known as k-anonymity. To achieve k-anonymity, we use a specific routing protocol designed to work within the constraints of WSN communication protocols, specifically IEEE 802.15.4. We use and modify the Lightweight Ad hoc On-Demand Next Generation (LOADng) reactive-routing protocol to achieve anonymity. This modified LOADng protocol prevents an attacker from identifying the sink node without adding significant complexity to the regular sensor nodes. We simulate the modified LOADng protocol using a custom-designed simulator in MATLAB. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our protocol and also show some of the performance tradeoffs that come with this method.

Haase, Julian, Jaster, Sebastian, Franz, Elke, Göhringer, Diana.  2022.  Secure Communication Protocol for Network-on-Chip with Authenticated Encryption and Recovery Mechanism. 2022 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Application-specific Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP). :156—160.
In recent times, Network-on-Chip (NoC) has become state of the art for communication in Multiprocessor System-on-Chip due to the existing scalability issues in this area. However, these systems are exposed to security threats such as extraction of secret information. Therefore, the need for secure communication arises in such environments. In this work, we present a communication protocol based on authenticated encryption with recovery mechanisms to establish secure end-to-end communication between the NoC nodes. In addition, a selected key agreement approach required for secure communication is implemented. The security functionality is located in the network adapter of each processing element. If data is tampered with or deleted during transmission, recovery mechanisms ensure that the corrupted data is retransmitted by the network adapter without the need of interference from the processing element. We simulated and implemented the complete system with SystemC TLM using the NoC simulation platform PANACA. Our results show that we can keep a high rate of correctly transmitted information even when attackers infiltrated the NoC system.
Habbak, Hany, Metwally, Khaled, Mattar, Ahmed Maher.  2022.  Securing Big Data: A Survey on Security Solutions. 2022 13th International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEENG). :145–149.
Big Data (BD) is the combination of several technologies which address the gathering, analyzing and storing of massive heterogeneous data. The tremendous spurt of the Internet of Things (IoT) and different technologies are the fundamental incentive behind this enduring development. Moreover, the analysis of this data requires high-performance servers for advanced and parallel data analytics. Thus, data owners with their limited capabilities may outsource their data to a powerful but untrusted environment, i.e., the Cloud. Furthermore, data analytic techniques performed on external cloud may arise various security intimidations regarding the confidentiality and the integrity of the aforementioned; transferred, analyzed, and stored data. To countermeasure these security issues and challenges, several techniques have been addressed. This survey paper aims to summarize and emphasize the security threats within Big Data framework, in addition, it is worth mentioning research work related to Big Data Analytics (BDA).
Habeeb, Adeeba, Shukla, Vinod Kumar, Dubey, Suchi, Anwar, Shaista.  2022.  Blockchain Technology in Digital Certificate Authentication. 2022 10th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO). :1–5.
The paper presents the concept of the association of digital signature technology with the currently trending blockchain technology for providing a mechanism which would detect any dubious data and store it in a place where it could be secure for the long term. The features of blockchain technology perfectly complement the requirements of the educational fields of today's world. The growing trend of digital certificate usage makes it easier for a dubious certificate to existing, among the others hampering the integrity of professional life. Association of hash key and a time stamp with a digital document would ensure that a third person does not corrupt the following certificate. The blockchain ensures that after verification, nobody else misuses the data uploaded and keeps it safe for a long time. The information from the blockchain can be retrieved at any moment by the user using the unique id associated with every user.
Habeeb, Ibtisam Joda, Muhajjar, Ra'ad A..  2016.  Secured Wireless Sensor Network Using Improved Key Management. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Network, Communication and Computing. :302–305.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a numerous of small devices called sensor which has a limitation in resources such as low energy, memory, and computation. Sensors deployed in a harsh environment and vulnerable to various security issues and due to the resource restriction in a sensor, key management and provide robust security in this type of networks is a challenge. keys may be used in two ways in cryptography is symmetric or asymmetric, asymmetric is required more communication, memory, and computing when compared with symmetric, so it is not appropriate for WSN. In this paper, key management scheme based on symmetric keys has been proposed where each node uses pseudo-random generator (PRNG)to generate key that is shared with base station based on pre-distributed initial key and CBC - RC5 to reached to confidently, integrity and authentication.

Habib ur Rehman, Muhammad, Mukhtar Dirir, Ahmed, Salah, Khaled, Svetinovic, Davor.  2020.  FairFed: Cross-Device Fair Federated Learning. 2020 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR). :1–7.
Federated learning (FL) is the rapidly developing machine learning technique that is used to perform collaborative model training over decentralized datasets. FL enables privacy-preserving model development whereby the datasets are scattered over a large set of data producers (i.e., devices and/or systems). These data producers train the learning models, encapsulate the model updates with differential privacy techniques, and share them to centralized systems for global aggregation. However, these centralized models are always prone to adversarial attacks (such as data-poisoning and model poisoning attacks) due to a large number of data producers. Hence, FL methods need to ensure fairness and high-quality model availability across all the participants in the underlying AI systems. In this paper, we propose a novel FL framework, called FairFed, to meet fairness and high-quality data requirements. The FairFed provides a fairness mechanism to detect adversaries across the devices and datasets in the FL network and reject their model updates. We use a Python-simulated FL framework to enable large-scale training over MNIST dataset. We simulate a cross-device model training settings to detect adversaries in the training network. We used TensorFlow Federated and Python to implement the fairness protocol, the deep neural network, and the outlier detection algorithm. We thoroughly test the proposed FairFed framework with random and uniform data distributions across the training network and compare our initial results with the baseline fairness scheme. Our proposed work shows promising results in terms of model accuracy and loss.
Habib, S. M., Alexopoulos, N., Islam, M. M., Heider, J., Marsh, S., Müehlhäeuser, M..  2018.  Trust4App: Automating Trustworthiness Assessment of Mobile Applications. 2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/ 12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE). :124–135.

Smartphones have become ubiquitous in our everyday lives, providing diverse functionalities via millions of applications (apps) that are readily available. To achieve these functionalities, apps need to access and utilize potentially sensitive data, stored in the user's device. This can pose a serious threat to users' security and privacy, when considering malicious or underskilled developers. While application marketplaces, like Google Play store and Apple App store, provide factors like ratings, user reviews, and number of downloads to distinguish benign from risky apps, studies have shown that these metrics are not adequately effective. The security and privacy health of an application should also be considered to generate a more reliable and transparent trustworthiness score. In order to automate the trustworthiness assessment of mobile applications, we introduce the Trust4App framework, which not only considers the publicly available factors mentioned above, but also takes into account the Security and Privacy (S&P) health of an application. Additionally, it considers the S&P posture of a user, and provides an holistic personalized trustworthiness score. While existing automatic trustworthiness frameworks only consider trustworthiness indicators (e.g. permission usage, privacy leaks) individually, Trust4App is, to the best of our knowledge, the first framework to combine these indicators. We also implement a proof-of-concept realization of our framework and demonstrate that Trust4App provides a more comprehensive, intuitive and actionable trustworthiness assessment compared to existing approaches.