Biblio

Several duty-cycling and energy-efficient communication protocols have been presented to solve power constraints of sensor nodes. The battery power of sensor nodes can be also supplied by surrounding energy resources using energy harvesting techniques. However, communication protocols only offer limited power for sensor nodes and energy harvesting may encounter a challenge that sensor nodes are unable to draw power from surrounding energy resources in certain environments. Thus, an emerging technology, wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs), is proposed to enhance the proposed communication protocols and energy harvesting techniques [1]. With a WRSN, a mobile vehicle is used to supply power to sensor nodes by wireless energy transfer. One of the most significant issue in WRSNs is path planning of the mobile vehicle. The mobile vehicle based on its movement trajectory visits each sensor nodes to recharge them so that the sensor nodes can obtain sufficient energy to execute continuous missions. However, all of the existing mobile vehicles charging methods [2, 3] for WRSNs require the locations of the sensor nodes based on the assumption that the location of each sensor node is known in advance by one of the sensor network localization mechanisms. Therefore, the proposed system integrates both the localization and wireless charging mechanisms for WRSNs to decrease the system initialization time and cost.