Biblio

Increasing consumer experience and companies inner quality presents a direct demand of different requirements on supply chain traceability. Typically, existing solutions have separate data storages which eventually provide limited support when multiple individuals are included. Therefore, the block-chain-based methods are utilized to defeat these deficiencies by generating digital illustrations of real products to following several objects at the same time. Nevertheless, they actually cannot identify the change of products in manufacturing methods. The connection between components included in the production decreased, whereby the ability to follow a product’s origin reduced consequently. In this paper, a methodology is recommended which involves using a Block-chain in Supply Chain Traceability, to solve the issues of manipulations and changes in data and product source. The method aims to improve the product’s origin transparency. Block-chain technology produces a specific method of storing data into a ledger, which is raised on many end-devices such as servers or computers. Unlike centralized systems, the records of the present system are encrypted and make it difficult to be manipulated. Accordingly, this method manages the product’s traceability changes. The recommended system is performed for the cheese supply chain. The result were found to be significant in terms of increasing food security and distributors competition.

Continuously improving security on an information system requires unique combination of human aspect, policies, and technology. This acts as leverage for designing an access control management approach which avails only relevant parts of a system according to an end-users' scope of work. This paper introduces a framework for information security fundamentals at organizational and theoretical levels, to identify critical success factors that are vital in assessing an organization's security maturity through a model referred to as “information security digital divide maturity framework”. The foregoing is based on a developed conceptual framework for information security digital divide. The framework strives to divide system end-users into “specific information haves and have-nots”. It intends to assist organizations to continually evaluate and improve on their security governance, standards, and policies which permit access on the basis of each end-user's work scope. The framework was tested through two surveys targeting 90 end-users and 35 security experts.