Biblio

Recent approaches have proven the effectiveness of local outlier factor-based outlier detection when applied over traffic flow probability distributions. However, these approaches used distance metrics based on the Bhattacharyya coefficient when calculating probability distribution similarity. Consequently, the limited expressiveness of the Bhattacharyya coefficient restricted the accuracy of the methods. The crucial deficiency of the Bhattacharyya distance metric is its inability to compare distributions with non-overlapping sample spaces over the domain of natural numbers. Traffic flow intensity varies greatly, which results in numerous non-overlapping sample spaces, rendering metrics based on the Bhattacharyya coefficient inappropriate. In this work, we address this issue by exploring alternative distance metrics and showing their applicability in a massive real-life traffic flow data set from 26 vital intersections in The Hague. The results on these data collected from 272 sensors for more than two years show various advantages of the Earth Mover's distance both in effectiveness and efficiency.

Network resilience is crucial to ensure reliable and secure operation of critical infrastructures. Although graph theoretic methods have been developed to quantify the topological resilience of networks, i.e., measuring resilience with respect to connectivity, in this study we propose to use the tools from Topological Data Analysis (TDA), Algebraic Topology, and Optimal Transport (OT). In our prior work, we used these tools to create a resilience metric that bypassed the need to embed a network onto a space. We also hypothesized that embeddings could encode different information about a network and that different embeddings could result in different outcomes when computing resilience. In this paper we attempt to test this hypothesis. We will utilize the WEGL framework to compute the embedding for the considered network and compare the results against our prior work, which did not use an embedding process. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to study the ramifications of choosing an embedding, thus providing a novel understanding into how to choose an embedding and whether such a choice matters when quantifying resilience.

Since a training system using VR can reproduce an actual training environment, training systems have been studied in commercial fields such as medical care and construction. This immersive experience in a virtual space can have a great effect on learning a second language. In this paper, we propose an immersive learning system that learns phrases used in the customer service industry in the customer service experience. We asked the subjects to experience the system, measured the effects of learning, and evaluated the system. Evaluating the learning effect of phrases used in customer service English on 8 students, all student achieved good learning results. Besides, to evaluate the usability of the system, the VR system was evaluated by performing SSQ to measure VR sickness shows this system doesn't cause virtual sickness, SUS to measure usability shows this system evaluation is higher than average system, and IPQ to measure presence in an immersive space shows this system gives average virtual reality experience.

Security model is an important subject in the field of low energy independence complexity theory. It takes security strategy as the core, changes the system from static protection to dynamic protection, and provides the basis for the rapid response of the system. A large number of empirical studies have been conducted to verify the cache consistency. The development of object oriented language is pure object oriented language, and the other is mixed object oriented language, that is, adding class, inheritance and other elements in process language and other languages. This paper studies a new object-oriented language application, namely GUT for a write-back cache, which is based on the study of simulation algorithm to solve all these challenges in the field of low energy independence complexity theory.

As robotic capabilities improve and robots become more capable as team members, a better understanding of effective human-robot teaming is needed. In this paper, we investigate failures by robots in various team configurations in space EVA operations. This paper describes the methodology of extending and the application of Work Models that Compute (WMC), a computational simulation framework, to model robot failures, interruptions, and the resolutions they require. Using these models, we investigate how different team configurations respond to a robot's failure to correctly complete the task and overall mission. We also identify key factors that impact the teamwork metrics for team designers to keep in mind while assembling teams and assigning taskwork to the agents. We highlight different metrics that these failures impact on team performance through varying components of teaming and interaction that occur. Finally, we discuss the future implications of this work and the future work to be done to investigate function allocation in human-robot teams.

With the advancement of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), 3D wireless mesh networks will play a crucial role in next generation mission critical wireless networks. Along with providing coverage over difficult terrain, it provides better spectral utilization through 3D spatial reuse. However, being a wireless network, 3D meshes are vulnerable to jamming/disruptive attacks. A jammer can disrupt the communication, as well as control of the network by intelligently causing interference to a set of nodes. This paper presents a distributed mechanism of avoiding jamming attacks by means of 3D spatial filtering where adaptive beam nulling is used to keep the jammer in null region in order to bypass jamming. Kalman filter based tracking mechanism is used to estimate the most likely trajectory of the jammer from noisy observation of the jammer's position. A beam null border is determined by calculating confidence region of jammer's current and next position estimates. An optimization goal is presented to calculate optimal beam null that minimizes the number of deactivated links while maximizing the higher value of confidence for keeping the jammer inside the null. The survivability of a 3D mesh network with a mobile jammer is studied through simulation that validates an 96.65% reduction in the number of jammed nodes.