Biblio

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructure less, self organizing on demand wireless communication. The nodes communicate among themselves through their radio range and nodes within the range are known as neighbor nodes. DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), a MANET reactive routing protocol identify the destination by transmitting route request (RREQ) control message into the network and establishes a path after receiving route reply (RREP) control messages. The intermediate node lies in between source to destination may also send RREP control message, weather they have path information about that destination is present into their route cache due to any previous communication. A malicious node may enter within the network and may send RREP control message to the source before original RREP is being received. After receiving RREP without knowing about the destination source starts to send data and data may reached to a different location. In this paper we proposed a novel algorithm by which a malicious node, even stay in the network and send RREP control message but before data transmission source can authenticate the destination by applying PGP (pretty Good Privacy) encryption program. In order to design our algorithm we proposed to add an extra field with RREQ control message with a unique index value (UIV) and two extra fields in RREP applied over UIV to form a random key (Rk) in such a way that, our proposal can maintained two way authorization scheme. Even a malicious node may exists into the network but before data transmission source can identified weather RREP is received by the requested destination or a by a malicious node.

The nodes in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) can self-assemble themselves, locomote unreservedly and can interact with one another without taking any help from a centralized authority or fixed infrastructure. Due to its continuously changing and self-organizing nature, MANET is vulnerable to a variety of attacks like spoofing attack, wormhole attack, black hole attack, etc. This paper compares and analyzes the repercussion of the wormhole attack on MANET's two common routing protocols of reactive category, specifically, Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) by increasing the number of wormhole tunnels in MANET. The results received by simulation will reveal that DSR is greatly affected by this attack. So, as a solution, a routing algorithm for DSR which is based on trust is proposed to prevent the routes from caching malicious nodes.

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is an autonomous collection of mobile nodes and communicate among them in their radio range. It is an infrastructure less, bandwidth constraint multi-hop wireless network. A various routing protocol is being evolved for MANET routing and also provide security mechanism to avoid security threads. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), one of the popular reactive routing protocols for MANET, establishes path between source to destination before data communication take place using route request (RREQ) and route reply (RREP) control messages. Although in [1] authors propose to prevent route diversion due to a malicious node in the network using group Diffie-Hellman (GDH) key management applied over source address, but if any intermediate trusted node start to misbehave then there is no prevention mechanism. Here in this paper, we applied Hash function scheme over destination address to identify the misbehaving intermediate node that can provide wrong destination address. The path information towards the destination sent by the intermediate node through RREP is exactly for the intended required destination or not, here we can identified according to our proposed algorithm and pretend for further data transmission. Our proposed algorithm proves the authenticity of the destination and also prevent from misbehaving intermediate nodes.

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is pretty vulnerable to attacks because of its broad distribution and open nodes. Hence, an effective Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is vital in MANET to deter unwanted malicious attacks. An IDS has been proposed in this paper based on watchdog and pathrater method as well as evaluation of its performance has been presented using Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocols with and without considering the effect of the sinkhole attack. The results obtained justify that the proposed IDS is capable of detecting suspicious activities and identifying the malicious nodes. Moreover, it replaces the fake route with a real one in the routing table in order to mitigate the security risks. The performance appraisal also suggests that the AODV protocol has a capacity of sending more packets than DSR and yields more throughput.