Biblio

Cognitive Radio (CR) is an attractive solution in mobile communication for solving the spectrum scarcity problem. Moreover, security concerns are not yet fully satisfied. This article focuses on attacks such as the Primary user emulation attack (PUE) and the jammer attack. These attacks create anomalous spectrum access thereby disturbing the dynamic spectrum usage in the CR networks. A framework based on cross-layer has been designed effectively to determine these attacks in the CR networks. First, each secondary user will sense the spectrum in the physical layer and construct a feature space. Using the extracted features, the clusters are formed effectively for each user. In the network layer, multipath routing is employed to discover the routes for the secondary user. If the node in the path identifies any spectrum shortage, it will verify that location with the help of constructed cluster. If the node does not belong to any of the clusters, then it will be identified as the attacker node. Simulation results and security analysis are performed using the NS2 simulations, which show improvement in detection of the attacks, decrease in the detection delay, and less route dis-connectivity. The proposed cross-layer framework identifies the anomalous spectrum access attack effectively.

With the improvement in technology and with the increase in the use of wireless devices there is deficiency of radio spectrum. Cognitive radio is considered as the solution for this problem. Cognitive radio is capable to detect which communication channels are in use and which are free, and immediately move into free channels while avoiding the used ones. This increases the usage of radio frequency spectrum. Any wireless system is prone to attack. Likewise, the main two attacks in the physical layer of cognitive radio are Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA) and replay attack. This paper focusses on mitigating these two attacks with the aid of authentication tag and distance calculation. Mitigation of these attacks results in error free transmission which in turn fallouts in efficient dynamic spectrum access.

The primary objective of Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN) is to opportunistically utilize the available spectrum for efficient and seamless communication. Like all other radio networks, Cognitive Radio Network also suffers from a number of security attacks and Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA) is vital among them. Primary user Emulation Attack not only degrades the performance of the Cognitive Radio Networks but also dissolve the objective of Cognitive Radio Network. Efficient and secure authentication of Primary Users (PU) is an only solution to mitigate Primary User Emulation Attack but most of the mechanisms designed for this are either complex or make changes to the spectrum. Here, we proposed a mechanism to authenticate Primary Users in Cognitive Radio Network which is neither complex nor make any changes to spectrum. The proposed mechanism is secure and also has improved the performance of the Cognitive Radio Network substantially.