Biblio

Series DC electric springs (DCESs) are a state-of-the-art demand-side management (DSM) technology with the capability to reduce energy storage requirements of DC microgrids by manipulating the power of non-critical loads (NCLs). As the stability of DC microgrids is highly prone to dynamic interactions between the system active and passive components, this study intends to conduct a comprehensive small-signal stability analysis of a community DC microgrid integrated with distributed DCESs considering the effect of destabilizing constant power loads (CPLs). For this purpose, after deriving the small-signal model of a DCES-integrated microgrid, the sensitivity of the system dominant frequency modes to variations of various physical and control parameters is evaluated by means of eigenvalue analysis. Next, an active damping control method based on virtual RC parallel impedance is proposed for series DCESs to compensate for their slow dynamic response and to provide a dynamic stabilization function within the microgrid. Furthermore, impedance-based stability analysis is utilized to study the DC microgrid expandability in terms of integration with multiple DCESs. Finally, several case studies are presented to verify analytical findings of the paper and to evaluate the dynamic performance of the DC microgrid.

Microgrids' dependency on communication links exposes the control systems to cyber attack threats. In this work, instead of designing reactive defense approaches, a proacitve moving target defense mechanism is proposed for securing microgrid secondary frequency control from denial of service (DoS) attack. The sensor data is transmitted by following a Markov process, not in a deterministic way. This uncertainty will increase the difficulty for attacker's decision making and thus significantly reduce the attack space. As the system parameters are constantly changing, a gain scheduling based secondary frequency controller is designed to sustain the system performance. Case studies of a microgrid with four inverter-based DGs show the proposed moving target mechanism can enhance the resiliency of the microgrid control systems against DoS attacks.