Biblio

This paper reviews the video watermarking schemes resistance against tampering attacks. There are several transform methods which are used for Video Watermarking including Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and are discussed and compared in this paper. The results are presented in a table with a summary of their advantages.

With the increasing prevalent of digital devices and their abuse for digital content creation, forgeries of digital images and video footage are more rampant than ever. Digital forensics is challenged into seeking advanced technologies for forgery content detection and acquisition device identification. Unfortunately, existing solutions that address image tampering problems fail to identify the device that produces the images or footage while techniques that can identify the camera is incapable of locating the tampered content of its captured images. In this paper, a new perceptual data-device hash is proposed to locate maliciously tampered image regions and identify the source camera of the received image data as a non-repudiable attestation in digital forensics. The presented image may have been either tampered or gone through benign content preserving geometric transforms or image processing operations. The proposed image hash is generated by projecting the invariant image features into a physical unclonable function (PUF)-defined Bernoulli random space. The tamper-resistant random PUF response is unique for each camera and can only be generated upon triggered by a challenge, which is provided by the image acquisition timestamp. The proposed hash is evaluated on the modified CASIA database and CMOS image sensor-based PUF simulated using 180 nm TSMC technology. It achieves a high tamper detection rate of 95.42% with the regions of tampered content successfully located, a good authentication performance of above 98.5% against standard content-preserving manipulations, and 96.25% and 90.42%, respectively, for the more challenging geometric transformations of rotation (0 360°) and scaling (scale factor in each dimension: 0.5). It is demonstrated to be able to identify the source camera with 100% accuracy and is secure against attacks on PUF.

The security and confidentiality of the data can be guaranteed by using a technique called watermarking. In this study, compressive sampling is designed and analyzed on video watermarking. Before the watermark compression process was carried out, the watermark was encoding the Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem Code (BCH Code). After that, the watermark is processed using the Discrete Sine Transform (DST) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The watermark insertion process to the video host using the Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT), and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) methods. The results of our system are obtained with the PSNR 47.269 dB, MSE 1.712, and BER 0.080. The system is resistant to Gaussian Blur and rescaling noise attacks.

Watermarking is a recently developed technique which is currently dominating the world of security and digital processing in order to ensure the protection of digitized trade. The purpose of this work is twofold. It is firstly to establish a state of the art that goes through the existing watermarking methods and their performances. And secondly to design, implement and evaluate a new watermarking solution that aims to optimize the compromise robustness-invisibility-capacity. The proposed approach consists on applying a frequency watermarking based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and exploiting the mosaic made from all video frames as well as inserting a double signature in order to increase watermarking algorithm capacity.