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2012 Cyber Physical Systems PI Meeting

CPS in Design & Manufacturing
Bruce M. Kramer, Senior Advisor

October 4, 2012 Gaylord National Hotel

A
 Short
 ‘History’
 of
  Manufacturing
 
•  Materials- and Process-Driven Manufacturing - New materials demand process innovations - Stone-chipping to semiconductor fabrication •  Metrology-Driven Manufacturing - Precision of parts made > that of machine parts - A cycle of ever-increasing precision - Interchangeable parts to LIGO •  Logistics-Driven Manufacturing - Electric motors provided distributed power - Layout for material flow, not power access •  Computer-Driven Manufacturing - NC Machining (1952), CAD/CAM - Modeling and Simulation, MRP, Synthetic Biology
2

Current
 Role
 of
 the
  Internet
 in
 Manufacturing
 
•  The CAD terminal is pervasive - Modern gateway to manufacturing - 100,000 CAD/CAM seats in US High Schools •  Manufacturing enterprises use internet communications - data transmission, collaborative design, ordering •  Improved web services promise reduced wait time - Estimated > 95% of part time in organizational handoffs •  Some manufacturing services available, within process - Rapid prototyping, NC machining, VLSI, PCBs… •  No analog to explosive expansion of web commerce •  Retailing, music, publishing have been transformed - Widely accessed by a creative public
3

The
 Manufacturing
 Mindset
 
•  Highly skilled and experienced specialists •  Product must be 100% reliable, on-time and in-spec - A deciding factor for critical applications - Systems must respond predictably to every need •  Requires ‘command and control’ systems •  Top-down, expensive, complex, difficult to change •  The opposite of the web But…

4

The
 ‘Internet
  Manufacturing’
 Mindset
 
•  System capabilities will evolve and increase with time - If some entrepreneurs can make money using them - Only a tiny fraction of apps will survive •  Small scale users exploit incremental capabilities - Key element is better tools than they have - They’ll make what the system can produce - Access increased by reduced cost of entry - Long odds of success for millions of ideas •  Large-scale users exploit proven capabilities - Adopt as the reliability threshold is crossed - Fortune 100 were not early web adopters
5