Equipment used in the health care industry that use CPS technology.
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Motivation and goal: The whole-system design and modeling of complex medical robotics involves analog sensors and actuators; discrete software controllers; piecewise, non-linear, discontinuous biological tissues/media; and probabilistic human administrators.
In the best case, the failure of such systems risks limb. In the worst, life.
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This project addresses the design of cyber-physical systems that respond to behavioral disturbances introduced by human users. The primary motivating example of this research is the design of "artificial pancreas" algorithms for the control of blood glucose in patients with Type 1 diabetes who require external insulin throughout the day to maintain glucose homeostasis.
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Human users are integral to the operation of safety--critical CPS. The goal of this project is to model and analyze the actions of human users along with possible mistakes that may appear in these interactions. We seek to develop approaches that will help us understand the effect of human operator mistakes on the overall system correctness. Our focus is on medical infusion pumps used to deliver drugs to patients.
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Optical tweezers (OT) have emerged as very useful tools for manipulating cells. Biologists use them routinely for doing scientific experiments and have made many new important discoveries by utilizing them. By integrating perception, planning, and control, we have turned optical tweezers into robots for precise manipulation of microscale objects. This makes them useful tool for conducting sophisticated biology experiments that require concurrent manipulation of multiple cells.
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The design of bug-free and safe medical device software is challenging, especially in complex implantable devices that control and actuate organs who's response is not fully understood. Safety recalls of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators between 1990 and 2000 affected over 600,000 devices. Of these, 200,000 or 41%, were due to firmware issues (i.e. software) that continue to increase in frequency [1].
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This project develops an integrated design and simulation environment for the creation of miniature capsule robots (MCRs). An MCR is a biocompatible Cyber-Physical System (CPS) designed to operate in the human body to accomplish diagnostic or therapeutic tasks. A typical MCR has to fulfill three main constraints: safety, low power operation and small size. Advances in miniaturization of electronic devices have made MCRs a reality.
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In the coming decade, microfluidic biochips, or labs--on--a--chip (LoCs), will automate and miniaturize repetitive laboratory experiments that are today performed by humans in domains such as enzymatic, proteomic, and DNA analysis, drug discovery, biomolecular recognition, molecular imaging, toxicity monitoring, and clinical diagnostics.
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Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) requires tight coordination between computational systems and the physical devices that deliver the prescribed treatment plan, making it a perfect example of cyber-physical system. The current approach to addressing tumor motion in radiation therapy is to treat it as a problem and not as a therapeutic opportunity. Existing treatment planning methods attempt to create dose distributions that are at best dosimetrically equivalent to the static case.
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We are developing a new computational framework and physical platform for modeling, analyzing, and designing dense networks of micro-robotic swarms. The physical platform is based on a bio-hybrid micro-robotic approach, in which bacteria serve as on- board actuators. The micro-robots are controlled through passive (e.g. chemical gradients) and active (e.g. magnetic fields) steering mechanisms. Here, we present the first step towards passive control by characterizing the chemotactic behavior of free- swimming bacteria.
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The interdisciplinary eldertech team at the University of Missouri is dedicated to developing and evaluating technology to keep older adults functioning at high levels and living independently. We are leveraging ongoing research at a unique local eldercare facility (TigerPlace) to study active sensing and fusion using vision and acoustic sensors for the continuous assessment of a resident's risk of falling as well as the reliable detection of falls in the home environment.
