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2019-09-24
Barford, Paul, Dacier, Marc, Dietterich, Thomas G., Fredrikson, Matt, Giffin, Jon, Jajodia, Sushil, Jha, Somesh, Li, Jason, Liu, Peng, Ning, Peng et al..  2010.  Cyber SA: Situational Awareness for Cyber Defense. Cyber Situational Awareness: Issues and Research. 46:3–13.

Cyber SA is described as the current and predictive knowledge of cyberspace in relation to the Network, Missions and Threats across friendly, neutral and adversary forces. While this model provides a good high-level understanding of Cyber SA, it does not contain actionable information to help inform the development of capabilities to improve SA. In this paper, we present a systematic, human-centered process that uses a card sort methodology to understand and conceptualize Senior Leader Cyber SA requirements. From the data collected, we were able to build a hierarchy of high- and low- priority Cyber SA information, as well as uncover items that represent high levels of disagreement with and across organizations. The findings of this study serve as a first step in developing a better understanding of what Cyber SA means to Senior Leaders, and can inform the development of future capabilities to improve their SA and Mission Performance.