Biblio

Homomorphic encryption (HE) facilitates computing over encrypted data without using the secret keys. It is currently inefficient for practical implementation on the Internet of Things (IoT). However, the performance of these HE schemes may increase with optimized libraries and hardware capabilities. Thus, implementing and analyzing HE schemes and protocols on resource-constrained devices is essential to deriving optimized and secure schemes. This paper develops an energy profiling framework for homomorphic encryption on IoT devices. In particular, we analyze energy consumption and performance such as CPU and Memory utilization and execution time of numerous HE schemes using SEAL and HElib libraries on the Raspberry Pi 4 hardware platform and study energy-performance-security trade-offs. Our analysis reveals that HE schemes can incur a maximum of 70.07% in terms of energy consumption among the libraries. Finally, we provide guidelines for optimization of Homomorphic Encryption by leveraging multi-threading and edge computing capabilities for IoT applications. The insights obtained from this study can be used to develop secure and resource-constrained implementation of Homomorphic encryption depending on the needs of IoT applications.

In cyberspace, a digital signature is a mathematical technique that plays a significant role, especially in validating the authenticity of digital messages, emails, or documents. Furthermore, the digital signature mechanism allows the recipient to trust the authenticity of the received message that is coming from the said sender and that the message was not altered in transit. Moreover, a digital signature provides a solution to the problems of tampering and impersonation in digital communications. In a real-life example, it is equivalent to a handwritten signature or stamp seal, but it offers more security. This paper proposes a scheme to enable users to digitally sign their communications by validating their identity through users’ mobile devices. This is done by utilizing the user’s ambient Wi-Fi-enabled devices. Moreover, the proposed scheme depends on something that a user possesses (i.e., Wi-Fi-enabled devices), and something that is in the user’s environment (i.e., ambient Wi-Fi access points) where the validation process is implemented, in a way that requires no effort from users and removes the "weak link" from the validation process. The proposed scheme was experimentally examined.

In recent years, the rapid development of virtualization and container technology brings unprecedented impact on traditional IT architecture. Trusted Computing devotes to provide a solution to protect the integrity of the target platform and introduces a virtual TPM to adapt to the challenges that virtualization brings. However, the traditional integrity measurement solution and remote attestation has limitations due to the challenges such as large of measurement and attestation cost and overexposure of configurations details. In this paper, we propose the Partial Attestation Model. The basic idea of Partial Attestation Model is to reconstruct the Chain of Trust by dividing them into several separated ones. Our model therefore enables the challenger to attest the specified security requirements of the target platform, instead of acquiring and verifying the complete detailed configurations. By ignoring components not related to the target requirements, our model reduces the attestation costs. In addition, we further implement an attestation protocol to prevent overexposure of the target platform's configuration details. We build a use case to illustrate the implementation of our model, and the evaluations on our prototype show that our model achieves better efficiency than the existing remote attestation scheme.