Biblio

Secure routing over VANET is a major issue due to its high mobility environment. Due to dynamic topology, routes are frequently updated and also suffers from link breaks due to the obstacles i.e. buildings, tunnels and bridges etc. Frequent link breaks can cause packet drop and thus result in degradation of network performance. In case of VANETs, it becomes very difficult to identify the reason of the packet drop as it can also occur due to the presence of a security threat. VANET is a type of wireless adhoc network and suffer from common attacks which exist for mobile adhoc network (MANET) i.e. Denial of Services (DoS), Black hole, Gray hole and Sybil attack etc. Researchers have already developed various security mechanisms for secure routing over MANET but these solutions are not fully compatible with unique attributes of VANET i.e. vehicles can communicate with each other (V2V) as well as communication can be initiated with infrastructure based network (V2I). In order to secure the routing for both types of communication, there is need to develop a solution. In this paper, a method for secure routing is introduced which can identify as well as eliminate the existing security threat.

One of the specially designated versatile networks, commonly referred to as MANET, performs on the basics that each and every one grouping in nodes totally operate in self-sorting out limits. In any case, performing in a group capacity maximizes quality and different sources. Mobile ad hoc network is a wireless infrastructureless network. Due to its unique features, various challenges are faced under MANET when the role of routing and its security comes into play. The review has demonstrated that the impact of failures during the information transmission has not been considered in the existing research. The majority of strategies for ad hoc networks just determines the path and transmits the data which prompts to packet drop in case of failures, thus resulting in low dependability. The majority of the existing research has neglected the use of the rejoining processing of the root nodes network. Most of the existing techniques are based on detecting the failures but the use of path re-routing has also been neglected in the existing methods. Here, we have proposed a method of path re-routing for managing the authorized nodes and managing the keys for group in ad hoc environment. Securing Schemes, named as 2ACK and the EGSR schemes have been proposed, which may be truly interacted to most of the routing protocol. The path re-routing has the ability to reduce the ratio of dropped packets. The comparative analysis has clearly shown that the proposed technique outperforms the available techniques in terms of various quality metrics.

Wireless sensor networks are the most prominent set of recently made sensor nodes. They play a numerous role in many applications like environmental monitoring, agriculture, Structural and industrial monitoring, defense applications. In WSN routing is one of the absolutely requisite techniques. It enhance the network lifetime. This can be gives additional priority and system security by using bio inspired algorithm. The combination of bio inspired algorithms and routing algorithms create a way to easy data transmission and improves network lifetime. We present a new metaheuristic hybrid algorithm namely firefly algorithm with Localizability aided localization routing protocol for encircle monitoring in wireless area. This algorithm entirely covers the wireless sensor area by localization process and clumping the sensor nodes with the use of LAL (Localizability Aided Localization) users can minimize the time latency, packet drop and packet loss compared to traditional methods.