Biblio

In recent years, with the rise of the Internet of things industry, a variety of user location-based applications came into being. While users enjoy these convenient services, their location information privacy is also facing a great threat. Therefore, the research on location privacy protection in the Internet of things has become a hot spot for scholars. Privacy protection microdata publishing is a hot spot in data privacy protection research. Data interference is an effective solution for privacy protection microdata publishing. Aiming at privacy protection clustering problem, a privacy protection data interference method is proposed. In this paper, the location privacy protection algorithm is studied, with the purpose of providing location services and protecting the data interference of users' location privacy. In this paper, the source location privacy protection protocol (PR \_ CECRP) algorithm with controllable energy consumption is proposed to control the energy consumption of phantom routing strategy. In the routing process from the source node to the phantom node, the source data packet forwarding mechanism based on sector area division is adopted, so that the random routing path is generated and the routing energy consumption and transmission delay are effectively controlled.

Fake source packet routing protocols can ensure Source Location Privacy (SLP) protection. However, the protocols have demonstrated some performance limitations including high energy consumption, low packet delivery ratio (PDR), and long end-to-end delay (EED). In this study, a 2-level phantom routing protocol is proposed to address some limitations of an existing fake source packet routing protocol. The proposed protocol supplants the fake source packets with a random second level phantom node to alleviate the limitations. Analysis results confirm that the proposed protocol is capable of achieving strong SLP protection with minimized communication overhead. By removing the fake packet traffic in the network, the protocol incurs minimized energy consumption, maximized PDR, and minimized EED.

The fingerprint sensor based on pMUTs was reported [1]. Spatial resolution of the image depends on the size of the acoustic source when a plane wave is used. If the size of the acoustic source is smaller, piezoelectric films with high dielectric constant are required. In this study, in order to obtain small acoustic source, we proposed Pb(Zrx Th-x)O3 (PZT) epitaxial transducers with high dielectric constant. PbTiO3 (PTO) epitaxial films were grown on conductive La-SrTiO3 (STO) substrate by RF magnetron sputtering. Longitudinal wave conversion loss of PTO transducers was measured by a network analyzer. The thermoplastic elastomer was used instead of real fingerprint. We confirmed that conversion loss of piezoelectric film/substrate structure was increased by contacting the elastomer due the change of reflection coefficient of the substrate bottom/elastomer interface. Minimum conversion loss images were obtained by mechanically scanning the soft probe on the transducer surface. We achieved the detection of the fingerprint phantom based on the elastomer in the GHz.

There exist numerous strategies for Source Location Privacy (SLP) routing schemes. In this study, an experimental analysis of a few routing schemes is done to investigate the influence of the routing scheme algorithms on the privacy protection level and the network lifetime performance. The analysis involved four categories of SLP routing schemes. Analysis results revealed that the algorithms used in the representative schemes for tree-based and angle-based routing schemes incur the highest influence. The tree-based algorithm stimulates the highest energy consumption with the lowest network lifetime while the angle-based algorithm does the opposite. Moreover, for the tree-based algorithm, the influence is highly dependent on the region of the network domain.

Location Privacy breach in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) cannot be controlled by encryption techniques as all the communications are signal based. Signal strength can be analyzed to reveal many routing information. Adversary takes advantage of this and tracks the incoming packet to know the direction of the packet. With the information of location of origin of packets, the Source is also exposed which is generating packets on sensing any object. Thus, the location of subject is exposed. For protecting such privacy breaches, routing schemes are used which create anonymization or diverts the adversary. In this paper, we are using `Dummy' packets that will be inserted into real traffic to confuse the adversary. The dummy packets are such inserted that they encircle the Sink or Base Station. These Dummy packets are send with a value of TTL (Time To Live) field such that they travel only a few hops. Since adversary starts backtracking from the Sink, it will be trapped in the dummy traffic. In our protocol, we are confusing adversary without introducing any delay in packet delivery. Adversary uses two common methods for knowing the source i.e. Traffic Analysis and Back-tracing. Mathematically and experimentally, our proposal is sound for both type of methods. Overhead is also balanced as packets will not live long.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used in sensitive applications such as in asset monitoring applications. Due to the sensitivity of information in these applications, it is important to ensure that flow of data between sensor nodes is secure and does not expose any information about the source node or the monitored assets. This paper proposes a scheme to preserve the source location privacy based on random routing techniques. To achieve high privacy, the proposed scheme randomly sends packet to sink node through tactically positioned agent nodes. The position of agent nodes is designed to guarantee that successive packets are routed through highly random and perplexing routing paths as compared to other routing schemes. Simulation results demonstrate that proposed scheme provides longer safety period and higher privacy against both, patient and cautious adversaries.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are deployed to monitor the assets (endangered species) and report the locations of these assets to the Base Station (BS) also known as Sink. The hunter (adversary) attacks the network at one or two hops away from the Sink, eavesdrops the wireless communication links and traces back to the location of the asset to capture them. The existing solutions proposed to preserve the privacy of the assets lack in energy efficiency as they rely on random walk routing technique and fake packet injection technique so as to obfuscate the hunter from locating the assets. In this paper we present an energy efficient privacy preserved routing algorithm where the event (i.e., asset) detected nodes called as source nodes report the events' location information to the Base Station using phantom source (also known as phantom node) concept and a-angle anonymity concept. Routing is done using existing greedy routing protocol. Comparison through simulations shows that our solution reduces the energy consumption and delay while maintaining the same level of privacy as that of two existing popular techniques.