Biblio

The security level is very important in Bluetooth, because the network or devices using secure communication, are susceptible to many attacks against the transmitted data received through eavesdropping. The cryptosystem designers needs to know the complexity of the designed Bluetooth E0. And what the advantages given by any development performed on any known Bluetooth E0Encryption method. The most important criteria can be used in evaluation method is considered as an important aspect. This paper introduce a proposed fuzzy logic technique to evaluate the complexity of Bluetooth E0Encryption system by choosing two parameters, which are entropy and correlation rate, as inputs to proposed fuzzy logic based Evaluator, which can be applied with MATLAB system.

Rapid development of internet and network technologies has led to considerable increase in number of attacks. Intrusion detection system is one of the important ways to achieve high security in computer networks. However, it have curse of dimensionality which tends to increase time complexity and decrease resource utilization. To improve the ability of detecting anomaly intrusions, a combined algorithm is proposed based on Weighted Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering Algorithm (WFCM) and Fuzzy logic. Decision making is performed in two stages. In the first stage, WFCM algorithm is applied to reduce the input data space. The reduced dataset is then fed to Fuzzy Logic scheme to build the fuzzy sets, membership function and the rules that decide whether an instance represents an anomaly or not.

The paper offers an approach for implementation of intelligent agents intended for network traffic and security risk analysis in cyber-physical systems. The agents are based on the algorithm of pseudo-gradient adaptive anomaly detection and fuzzy logical inference. The suggested algorithm operates in real time. The fuzzy logical inference is used for regulation of algorithm parameters. The variants of the implementation are proposed. The experimental assessment of the approach confirms its high speed and adequate accuracy for network traffic analysis.

This paper combines FMEA and n2 approaches in order to create a methodology to determine risks associated with the components of an underwater system. This methodology is based on defining the risk level related to each one of the components and interfaces that belong to a complex underwater system. As far as the authors know, this approach has not been reported before. The resulting information from the mentioned procedures is combined to find the system's critical elements and interfaces that are most affected by each failure mode. Finally, a calculation is performed to determine the severity level of each failure mode based on the system's critical elements.

A general approach to the synthesis of the conditionally unstable fuzzy controller is introduced in this paper. This approach allows tuning the output signal of the system for both fast and smooth transient. Fuzzy logic allows combining the properties of several strategies of system tuning dependent on the state of the system. The utilization of instability allows achieving faster transient when the error of the system output is beyond the predefined value. Later the system roots are smoothly moved to the left-hand side of the complex s-plane due to the change of the membership function values. The results of the proposed approaches are compared with the results obtained using traditional methods of controller synthesis.

Trust management issue in cloud domain has been a persistent research topic discussed among scholars. Similar issue is bound to occur in the surfacing fog domain. Although fog and cloud are relatively similar, evaluating trust in fog domain is more challenging than in cloud. Fog's high mobility support, distributive nature, and closer distance to end user means that they are likely to operate in vulnerable environments. Unlike cloud, fog has little to no human intervention, and lack of redundancy. Hence, it could experience downtime at any given time. Thus it is harder to trust fogs given their unpredictable status. These distinguishing factors, combined with the existing factors used for trust evaluation in cloud can be used as metrics to evaluate trust in fog. This paper discusses a use case of a campus scenario with several fog servers, and the metrics used in evaluating the trustworthiness of the fog servers. While fuzzy logic method is used to evaluate the trust, the contribution of this study is the identification of fuzzy logic configurations that could alter the trust value of a fog.

This paper proposes a design method of a support tool for detection and diagnosis of failures in discrete event systems (DES). The design of this diagnoser goes through three phases: an identification phase and finding paths and temporal parameters of the model describing the two modes of normal and faulty operation, a detection phase provided by the comparison and monitoring time operation and a location phase based on the combination of the temporal evolution of the parameters and thresholds exceeded technique. Our contribution lays in the application of this technique in the presence of faults arising simultaneously, sensors and actuators. The validation of the proposed approach is illustrated in a filling system through a simulation.

The work proposes and justifies a processing algorithm of computer security incidents based on the author's signatures of cyberattacks. Attention is also paid to the design pattern SOPKA based on the Russian ViPNet technology. Recommendations are made regarding the establishment of the corporate segment SOPKA, which meets the requirements of Presidential Decree of January 15, 2013 number 31c “On the establishment of the state system of detection, prevention and elimination of the consequences of cyber-attacks on information resources of the Russian Federation” and “Concept of the state system of detection, prevention and elimination of the consequences of cyber-attacks on information resources of the Russian Federation” approved by the President of the Russian Federation on December 12, 2014, No K 1274.

Software Defined Networking (SDN) support several administrators for quicker access of resources due to its manageability, cost-effectiveness and adaptability. Even though SDN is beneficial it also exists with security based challenges due to many vulnerable threats. Participation of such threats increases their impact and risk level. In this paper a multi-level security mechanism is proposed over SDN architecture design. In each level the flow packet is analyzed using different metric and finally it reaches a secure controller for processing. Benign flow packets are differentiated from non-benign flow by means of the packet features. Initially routers verify user, secondly policies are verified by using dual-fuzzy logic design and thirdly controllers are authenticated using signature based authentication before assigning flow packets. This work aims to enhance entire security of developed SDN environment. SDN architecture is implemented in OMNeT++ simulation tool that supports OpenFlow switches and controllers. Finally experimental results show better performances in following performance metrics as throughput, time consumption and jitter.

Cloud has gained a wide acceptance across the globe. Despite wide acceptance and adoption of cloud computing, certain apprehensions and diffidence, related to safety and security of data still exists. The service provider needs to convince and demonstrate to the client, the confidentiality of data on the cloud. This can be broadly translated to issues related to the process of identifying, developing, maintaining and optimizing trust with clients regarding the services provided. Continuous demonstration, maintenance and optimization of trust of the agreed upon services affects the relationship with a client. The paper proposes a framework of integration of trust at the IAAS level in the cloud. It proposes a novel method of generation of trust index factor, considering the performance and the agility of the feedback received using fuzzy logic.

Availability is one of the most important requirements in the production system. Keeping the level of high availability in Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) cloud computing is a challenge task because of the complexity of service providing. By definition, the availability can be maintain by using fault tolerance approaches. Recently, many fault tolerance methods have been developed, but few of them focus on the fault detection aspect. In this paper, after a rigorous analysis on the nature of failures, we would like to introduce a technique to identified the failures occurring in IaaS system. By using fuzzy logic algorithm, this proposed technique can provide better performance in terms of accuracy and detection speed, which is critical for the cloud system.

In this paper, we extend the Maximum Satisfiability (MaxSAT) problem to Łukasiewicz logic. The MaxSAT problem for a set of formulae Φ is the problem of finding an assignment to the variables in Φ that satisfies the maximum number of formulae. Three possible solutions (encodings) are proposed to the new problem: (1) Disjunctive Linear Relations (DLRs), (2)Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and (3)Weighted Constraint Satisfaction Problem (WCSP). Like its Boolean counterpart, the extended fuzzy MaxSAT will have numerous applications in optimization problems that involve vagueness.

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are useful in many practical applications including agriculture, military and health care systems. However, the nodes in a sensor network are constrained by energy and hence the lifespan of such sensor nodes are limited due to the energy problem. Temporal logics provide a facility to predict the lifetime of sensor nodes in a WSN using the past and present traffic and environmental conditions. Moreover, fuzzy logic helps to perform inference under uncertainty. When fuzzy logic is combined with temporal constraints, it increases the accuracy of decision making with qualitative information. Hence, a new data collection and cluster based energy efficient routing algorithm is proposed in this paper by extending the existing LEACH protocol. Extensions are provided in this work by including fuzzy temporal rules for making data collection and routing decisions. Moreover, this proposed work uses fuzzy temporal logic for forming clusters and to perform cluster based routing. The main difference between other cluster based routing protocols and the proposed protocol is that two types of cluster heads are used here, one for data collection and other for routing. In this research work we conducted an experiment and it is observed that the proposed fuzzy cluster based routing algorithm with temporal constrains enhances the network life time reduces the energy consumption and enhances the quality of service by increasing the packet delivery ratio by reducing the delay.

Within few years, Cloud computing has emerged as the most promising IT business model. Thanks to its various technical and financial advantages, Cloud computing continues to convince every day new users coming from scientific and industrial sectors. To satisfy the various users' requirements, Cloud providers must maximize the performance of their IT resources to ensure the best service at the lowest cost. The performance optimization efforts in the Cloud can be achieved at different levels and aspects. In the present paper, we propose to introduce a fuzzy logic process in scheduling strategy for public Cloud in order to improve the response time, processing time and total cost. In fact, fuzzy logic has proven his ability to solve the problem of optimization in several fields such as data mining, image processing, networking and much more.

Cloud and its transactions have emerged as a major challenge. This paper aims to come up with an efficient and best possible way to transfer data in cloud computing environment. This goal is achieved with the help of Soft Computing Techniques. Of the various techniques such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithm or neural network, the paper proposes an effective method of intrusion detection using genetic algorithm. The selection of the optimized path for the data transmission proved to be effective method in cloud computing environment. Network path optimization increases data transmission speed making intrusion in network nearly impossible. Intruders are forced to act quickly for intruding the network which is quite a tough task for them in such high speed data transmission network.

In Data mining is the method of extracting the knowledge from huge amount of data and interesting patterns. With the rapid increase of data storage, cloud and service-based computing, the risk of misuse of data has become a major concern. Protecting sensitive information present in the data is crucial and critical. Data perturbation plays an important role in privacy preserving data mining. The major challenge of privacy preserving is to concentrate on factors to achieve privacy guarantee and data utility. We propose a data perturbation method that perturbs the data using fuzzy logic and random rotation. It also describes aspects of comparable level of quality over perturbed data and original data. The comparisons are illustrated on different multivariate datasets. Experimental study has proved the model is better in achieving privacy guarantee of data, as well as data utility.

The performance of clustering is a crucial challenge, especially for pattern recognition. The models aggregation has a positive impact on the efficiency of Data clustering. This technique is used to obtain more cluttered decision boundaries by aggregating the resulting clustering models. In this paper, we study an aggregation scheme to improve the stability and accuracy of clustering, which allows to find a reliable and robust clustering model. We demonstrate the advantages of our aggregation method by running Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering on Reuters-21578 corpus. Experimental studies showed that our scheme optimized the bias-variance on the selected model and achieved enhanced clustering for unstructured textual resources.

In this paper, we describe the formatting guidelines for ACM SIG Proceedings. In order to assure safety of Chinese Train Control System (CTCS), it is necessary to ensure the operational risk is acceptable throughout its life-cycle, which requires a pragmatic risk assessment required for effective risk control. Many risk assessment techniques currently used in railway domain are qualitative, and rely on the experience of experts, which unavoidably brings in subjective judgements. This paper presents a method that combines fuzzy reasoning and analytic hierarchy process approach to quantify the experiences of experts to get the scores of risk parameters. Fuzzy reasoning is used to obtain the risk of system hazard, analytic hierarchy process approach is used to determine the risk level (RL) and its membership of the system. This method helps safety analyst to calculate overall collective risk level of system. A case study of risk assessment of CTCS system is used to demonstrate this method can give quantitative result of collective risks without much information from experts, but can support the risk assessment with risk level and its membership, which are more valuable to guide the further risk management.

Over the last few decades, accessibility scenarios have undergone a drastic change. Today the way people access information and resources is quite different from the age when internet was not evolved. The evolution of the Internet has made remarkable, epoch-making changes and has become the backbone of smart city. The vision of smart city revolves around seamless connectivity. Constant connectivity can provide uninterrupted services to users such as e-governance, e-banking, e-marketing, e-shopping, e-payment and communication through social media. And to provide uninterrupted services to such applications to citizens is our prime concern. So this paper focuses on smart handoff framework for next generation heterogeneous networks in smart cities to provide all time connectivity to anyone, anyhow and anywhere. To achieve this, three strategies have been proposed for handoff initialization phase-Mobile controlled, user controlled and network controlled handoff initialization. Each strategy considers a different set of parameters. Results show that additional parameters with RSSI and adaptive threshold and hysteresis solve ping-pong and corner effect problems in smart city.

Organizations rely on security experts to improve the security of their systems. These professionals use background knowledge and experience to align known threats and vulnerabilities before selecting mitigation options. The substantial depth of expertise in any one area (e.g., databases, networks, operating systems) precludes the possibility that an expert would have complete knowledge about all threats and vulnerabilities. To begin addressing this problem of distributed knowledge, we investigate the challenge of developing a security requirements rule base that mimics human expert reasoning to enable new decision-support systems. In this paper, we show how to collect relevant information from cyber security experts to enable the generation of: (1) interval type-2 fuzzy sets that capture intra- and inter-expert uncertainty around vulnerability levels; and (2) fuzzy logic rules underpinning the decision-making process within the requirements analysis. The proposed method relies on comparative ratings of security requirements in the context of concrete vignettes, providing a novel, interdisciplinary approach to knowledge generation for fuzzy logic systems. The proposed approach is tested by evaluating 52 scenarios with 13 experts to compare their assessments to those of the fuzzy logic decision support system. The initial results show that the system provides reliable assessments to the security analysts, in particular, generating more conservative assessments in 19% of the test scenarios compared to the experts’ ratings. 

With the recent developments in the field of visual sensor technology, multiple imaging sensors are used in several applications such as surveillance, medical imaging and machine vision, in order to improve their capabilities. The goal of any efficient image fusion algorithm is to combine the visual information, obtained from a number of disparate imaging sensors, into a single fused image without the introduction of distortion or loss of information. The existing fusion algorithms employ either the mean or choose-max fusion rule for selecting the best features for fusion. The choose-max rule distorts constants background information whereas the mean rule blurs the edges. In this paper, Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) based two feature-level fusion schemes are proposed and compared. In the first method Fuzzy logic is applied to determine the weights to be assigned to each segmented region using the salient region feature values computed. The second method employs Golden Section Algorithm (GSA) to achieve the optimal fusion weights of each region based on its Petrovic metric. The regions are merged adaptively using the weights determined. Experiments show that the proposed feature-level fusion methods provide better visual quality with clear edge information and objective quality metrics than individual multi-resolution-based methods such as Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform and NSCT.

This study describes and evaluates a novel trust model for a range of collaborative applications. The model assumes that humans routinely choose to trust their peers by relying on few recurrent presumptions, which are domain independent and which form a recognisable trust expertise. We refer to these presumptions as trust schemes, a specialised version of Walton's argumentation schemes. Evidence is provided about the efficacy of trust schemes using a detailed experiment on an online community of 80,000 members. Results show how proposed trust schemes are more effective in trust computation when they are combined together and when their plausibility in the selected context is considered.

The recent trend of mobile ad hoc network increases the ability and impregnability of communication between the mobile nodes. Mobile ad Hoc networks are completely free from pre-existing infrastructure or authentication point so that all the present mobile nodes which are want to communicate with each other immediately form the topology and initiates the request for data packets to send or receive. For the security perspective, communication between mobile nodes via wireless links make these networks more susceptible to internal or external attacks because any one can join and move the network at any time. In general, Packet dropping attack through the malicious node (s) is one of the possible attack in the mobile ad hoc network. This paper emphasized to develop an intrusion detection system using fuzzy Logic to detect the packet dropping attack from the mobile ad hoc networks and also remove the malicious nodes in order to save the resources of mobile nodes. For the implementation point of view Qualnet simulator 6.1 and Mamdani fuzzy inference system are used to analyze the results. Simulation results show that our system is more capable to detect the dropping attacks with high positive rate and low false positive.

Tracking moving objects is a task of the utmost importance to the defence community. As this task requires high accuracy, rather than employing a single detector, it has become common to use multiple ones. In such cases, the tracks produced by these detectors need to be correlated (if they belong to the same sensing modality) or associated (if they were produced by different sensing modalities). In this work, we introduce Computational-Intelligence-based methods for correlating and associating various contacts and tracks pertaining to maritime vessels in an area of interest. Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbours will be used to conduct track correlation and Fuzzy C-Means clustering will be applied for association. In that way, the uncertainty of the track correlation and association is handled through fuzzy logic. To better model the state of the moving target, the traditional Kalman Filter will be extended using an Echo State Network. Experimental results on five different types of sensing systems will be discussed to justify the choices made in the development of our approach. In particular, we will demonstrate the judiciousness of using Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbours and Fuzzy C-Means on our tracking system and show how the extension of the traditional Kalman Filter by a recurrent neural network is superior to its extension by other methods.

Demand response (DR), which is the action voluntarily taken by a consumer to adjust amount or timing of its energy consumption, has an important role in improving energy efficiency. With DR, we can shift electrical load from peak demand time to other periods based on changes in price signal. At residential level, automated energy management systems (EMS) have been developed to assist users in responding to price changes in dynamic pricing systems. In this paper, a new intelligent EMS (iEMS) in a smart house is presented. It consists of two parts: a fuzzy subsystem and an intelligent lookup table. The fuzzy subsystem is based on its fuzzy rules and inputs that produce the proper output for the intelligent lookup table. The second part, whose core is a new model of an associative neural network, is able to map inputs to desired outputs. The structure of the associative neural network is presented and discussed. The intelligent lookup table takes three types of inputs that come from the fuzzy subsystem, outside sensors, and feedback outputs. Whatever is trained in this lookup table are different scenarios in different conditions. This system is able to find the best energy-efficiency scenario in different situations.