Biblio

This paper presents LIRA-V, a lightweight system for performing remote attestation between constrained devices using the RISC-V architecture. We propose using read-only memory and the RISC-V Physical Memory Protection (PMP) primitive to build a trust anchor for remote attestation and secure channel creation. Moreover, we show how LIRA-V can be used for trusted communication between two devices using mutual attestation. We present the design, implementation and evaluation of LIRA-V using an off-the-shelf RISC-V microcontroller and present performance results to demonstrate its suitability. To our knowledge, we present the first remote attestation mechanism suitable for constrained RISC-V devices, with applications to cyber-physical systems and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

Traditional countermeasures to relay attacks are difficult to implement on mobile devices due to hardware limitations. Establishing proximity of a payment device and terminal is the central notion of most relay attack countermeasures, and mobile devices offer new and exciting possibilities in this area of research. One such possibility is the use of on-board sensors to measure ambient data at both the payment device and terminal, with a comparison made to ascertain whether the device and terminal are in close proximity. This project focuses on the iPhone, specifically the iPhone 6S, and the potential use of its sensors to both establish proximity to a payment terminal and protect Apple Pay against relay attacks. The iPhone contains 12 sensors in total, but constraints introduced by payment schemes mean only 5 were deemed suitable to be used for this study. A series of mock transactions and relay attack attempts are enacted using an iOS application written specifically for this study. Sensor data is recorded, and then analysed to ascertain its accuracy and suitability for both proximity detection and relay attack countermeasures.