| Title | Vertical Underwater Molecular Communications via Buoyancy: Gaussian Velocity Distribution of Signal |
| Publication Type | Conference Paper |
| Year of Publication | 2020 |
| Authors | Guo, W., Atthanayake, I., Thomas, P. |
| Conference Name | ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) |
| Keywords | acoustic coupling, Buoyancy, buoyancy channel, buoyancy forces, Chemicals, covert delay-tolerant data link, current optical based carriers, defence, dominant propagation force, downwards channels, Gaussian velocity spatial distribution, heavy propagation loss, high capacity data rates, Human Behavior, Liquids, long range underwater vertical communication, Mathematical model, MCvB channel, modulated symbols, molecular clusters, molecular communication, molecular communication (telecommunication), particle image velocimetry, physical security, pubcrawl, reliability, reliable delay-tolerant data link, Resiliency, Scalability, sequential puffs, sequential symbols, sonar based carriers, statistical characteristics, statistical distribution, statistical distributions, Stress, telecommunication network reliability, turbulent diffusion, underwater, underwater acoustic communication, velocity profile, vertical underwater molecular communications, viscous diffusion |
| Abstract | Underwater communication is vital for a variety of defence and scientific purposes. Current optical and sonar based carriers can deliver high capacity data rates, but their range and reliability is hampered by heavy propagation loss. A vertical Molecular Communication via Buoyancy (MCvB) channel is experimentally investigated here, where the dominant propagation force is buoyancy. Sequential puffs representing modulated symbols are injected and after the initial loss of momentum, the signal is driven by buoyancy forces which apply to both upwards and downwards channels. Coupled with the complex interaction of turbulent and viscous diffusion, we experimentally demonstrate that sequential symbols exhibit a Gaussian velocity spatial distribution. Our experimental results use Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to trace molecular clusters and infer statistical characteristics of their velocity profile. We believe our experimental paper's results can be the basis for long range underwater vertical communication between a deep sea vehicle and a surface buoy, establishing a covert and reliable delay-tolerant data link. The statistical distribution found in this paper is akin to the antenna pattern and the knowledge can be used to improve physical security. |
| DOI | 10.1109/ICC40277.2020.9148765 |
| Citation Key | guo_vertical_2020 |
Vertical Underwater Molecular Communications via Buoyancy: Gaussian Velocity Distribution of Signal