Biblio

There exists a need for sharing user health data, especially with institutes for research purposes, in a secure fashion. This is especially true in the case of a system that includes a third party storage service, such as cloud computing, which limits the control of the data owner. The use of encryption for secure data storage continues to evolve to meet the need for flexible and fine-grained access control. This evolution has led to the development of Attribute Based Encryption (ABE). The use of ABE to ensure the security and privacy of health data has been explored. This paper presents an ABE based framework which allows for the secure outsourcing of the more computationally intensive processes for data decryption to the cloud servers. This reduces the time needed for decryption to occur at the user end and reduces the amount of computational power needed by users to access data.

Nowadays, ubiquitous healthcare monitoring applications are becoming a necessity. In a pervasive smart healthcare system, the user's location information is always transmitted periodically to healthcare providers to increase the quality of the service provided to the user. However, revealing the user's location will affect the user's privacy. This paper presents a novel cloud-based secure location privacy-preserving mobile healthcare framework with decision-making capabilities. A user's vital signs are sensed possibly through a wearable healthcare device and transmitted to a cloud server for securely storing user's data, processing, and decision making. The proposed framework integrates a number of features such as machine learning (ML) for classifying a user's health state, and crowdsensing for collecting information about a person's privacy preferences for possible locations and applying such information to a user who did not set his privacy preferences. In addition to location privacy preservation methods (LPPM) such as obfuscation, perturbation and encryption to protect the location of the user and provide a secure monitoring framework. The proposed framework detects clear emergency cases and quickly decides about sending a help message to a healthcare provider before sending data to the cloud server. To validate the efficiency of the proposed framework, a prototype is developed and tested. The obtained results from the proposed prototype prove its feasibility and utility. Compared to the state of art, the proposed framework offers an adaptive context-based decision for location sharing privacy and controlling the trade-off between location privacy and service utility.

In the current scenario, the data owners would like to access data from anywhere and anytime. Hence, they will store their data in public or private cloud along with encryption and particular set of attributes to access control on the cloud data. While uploading the data into public or private cloud they will assign some attribute set to their data. If any authorized cloud user wants to download their data they should enter that particular attribute set to perform further actions on the data owner's data. A cloud user wants to register their details under cloud organization to access the data owner's data. Users wants to submit their details as attributes along with their designation. Based on the Users details Semi-Trusted Authority generates decryption keys to get control on owner's data. A user can perform a lot of operation over the cloud data. If the user wants to read the cloud data he needs to be entering some read related, and if he wants to write the data he needs to be entering write related attribute. For each and every action user in an organization would be verified with their unique attribute set. These attributes will be stored by the admins to the authorized users in cloud organization. These attributes will be stored in the policy files in a cloud. Along with this attribute,a rule based engine is used, to provide the access control to user. If any user leaks their decryption key to the any malicious user data owners wants to trace by sending audit request to auditor and auditor will process the data owners request and concludes that who is the convict.

Intelligent environments work collaboratively, bringing more comfort to human beings. The intelligence of these environments comes from technological advances in sensors and communication. IoT is the model developed that allows a wide and intelligent communication between devices. Hardware reduction of IoT devices results in vulnerabilities. Thus, there are numerous concerns regarding the security of user information, since mobile devices are easily trackable over the Internet. Care must be taken regarding the information in user profiles. Mobile devices are protected by a permission-based mechanism, which limits third-party applications from accessing sensitive device resources. In this context, this work aims to present a proposal for materialization of application for the evolution of user profiles in intelligent environments. Having as parameters the parameters presented in the proposed taxonomy. The proposed solution is the development of two applications, one for Android devices, responsible for allowing or blocking some features of the device. And another in Cloud, responsible for imposing the parameters and privacy criteria, formalizing the profile control module (PRIPRO - PRIvacy PROfiles).

Cloud computing has made the life of individual users and work of business corporations so much easier by providing them data storage services at very low costs. Individual users can store and access their data through shared cloud storage service anywhere anytime. Similarly, business corporation consumers of cloud computing can store, manage, process and access their big data with quite an ease. However, the security and privacy of users' data remains vulnerable in cloud computing Availability, integrity and confidentiality are the three primary elements that users consider before signing up for cloud computing services. Many public and private cloud services have experienced security breaches and unauthorized access incidents. This paper suggests user end cryptography of data before uploading it to a cloud storage service platform like Google Drive, Microsoft, Amazon and CloudSim etc. The proposed cryptography algorithm is based on symmetric key cryptography model and has been implemented on Amazon S3 cloud space service.

Cloud computing is the flexible platform to outsource the data from local server to commercial cloud. However cloud provides tremendous benefits to user, data privacy and data leakage reduce the attention of cloud. For protecting data privacy and reduce data leakage various techniques has to be implemented in cloud. There are various types of cloud environment, but we concentrate on Hybrid cloud. Hybrid cloud is nothing but combination of more than two or more cloud. Where critical operations are performed in private cloud and non critical operations are performed in public cloud. So, it has numerous advantages and criticality too. In this paper, we focus on data security through encryption scheme over Hybrid Cloud. There are various encryption schemes are close to us but it also have data security issues. To overcome these issues, Attribute Based Encryption Scheme with Dynamic Attributes Supporting (ABE-DAS) has proposed. Attribute based Encryption Scheme with Dynamic Attributes Supporting technique enhance the security of the data in hybrid cloud.

With the improvement of the current Internet software and hardware performance, cloud storage has become one of the most widely used applications. This paper proposes a user privacy protection algorithm suitable for tennis match live broadcast from media cloud platform. Through theoretical and experimental verification, this algorithm can better protect the privacy of users in the live cloud platform. This algorithm is a ciphertext calculation algorithm based on data blocking. Firstly, plaintext data are grouped, then AES ciphertext calculation is performed on each group of plaintext data simultaneously and respectively, and finally ciphertext data after grouping encryption is spliced to obtain final ciphertext data. Experimental results show that the algorithm has the characteristics of large key space, high execution efficiency, ciphertext statistics and good key sensitivity.

Many organizations are still reluctant to move sensitive data to the cloud. Moreover, data protection regulations have established considerable punishments for violations of privacy and security requirements. Privacy, however, is a concept that is difficult to measure and to demonstrate. While many privacy design strategies, tactics and patterns have been proposed for privacy-preserving system design, it is difficult to evaluate an existing system with regards to whether these strategies have or have not appropriately been implemented. In this paper we propose indicators for a system's non-compliance with privacy design strategies, called privacy smells. To that end we first identify concrete metrics that measure certain aspects of existing privacy design strategies. We then define smells based on these metrics and discuss their limitations and usefulness. We identify these indicators on two levels of a cloud system: the data flow level and the access control level. Using a cloud system built in Microsoft Azure we show how the metrics can be measured technically and discuss the differences to other cloud providers, namely Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud Platform. We argue that while it is difficult to evaluate the privacy-awareness in a cloud system overall, certain privacy aspects in cloud systems can be mapped to useful metrics that can indicate underlying privacy problems. With this approach we aim at enabling cloud users and auditors to detect deep-rooted privacy problems in cloud systems.

Fog computing is a new distributed computing paradigm that extends the cloud to the network edge. Fog computing aims at improving quality of service, data access, networking, computation and storage. However, the security and privacy issues persist, even if many cloud solutions were proposed. Indeed, Fog computing introduces new challenges in terms of security and privacy, due to its specific features such as mobility, geo-distribution and heterogeneity etc. Blockchain is an emergent concept bringing efficiency in many fields. In this paper, we propose a new access control scheme based on blockchain technology for the fog computing with fault tolerance in the context of the Internet of Things. Blockchain is used to provide secure management authentication and access process to IoT devices. Each network entity authenticates in the blockchain via the wallet, which allows a secure communication in decentralized environment, hence it achieves the security objectives. In addition, we propose to establish a secure connection between the users and the IoT devices, if their attributes satisfy the policy stored in the blockchain by smart contract. We also address the blockchain transparency problem by the encryption of the users attributes both in the policy and in the request. An authorization token is generated if the encrypted attributes are identical. Moreover, our proposition offers higher scalability, availability and fault tolerance in Fog nodes due to the implementation of load balancing through the Min-Min algorithm.

Nowadays, Internet Of Everything (IOE) has demanded for a wide range of applications areas. IOE is started to replaces an Internet Of things (IOT). IOE is a combination of massive number of computing elements and sensors, people, processes and data through the Internet infrastructure. Device to Device communication and interfacing of Wireless Sensor network with IOE can makes any system as a Smart System. With the increased the use of Internet and Internet connected devices has opportunities for hackers to launch attacks on unprecedented scale and impact. The IOE can serve the varied security in the various sectors like manufacturing, agriculture, smart grid, payments, IoT gateways, healthcare and industrial ecosystems. To secure connections among people, process, data, and things, is a major challenge in Internet of Everything.. This paper focuses on various security Issues and Authentication Schemes in the IOE systems.

Authentication is a challenging and emerging issue for Fog-IoT security paradigms. The fog nodes toward large-scale end-users offer various interacted IoT services. The authentication process usually involves expressing users' personal information such as username, email, and password to the Authentication Server (AS). However, users are not intended to express their identities or information over the fog or cloud servers. Hence, we have proposed an Anonymous User Authentication Scheme for Fog-IoT (AUASF) to keep the anonymity existence of the IoT users and detect the intruders. To provide anonymity, the user can send encrypted credentials such as username, email, and mobile number through the Cloud Service Provider (CSP) for registration. IoT user receives the response with a default password and a secret Id from the CSP. After that, the IoT user submits the default password for first-time access to Fog Service Provider (FSP). The FSP assigns a One Time Password (OTP) to each user for further access. The developed scheme is equipped with hash functions, symmetric encryptions, and decryptions for security perceptions across fog that serves better than the existing anonymity schemes.

Enforcing security and resilience in a cloud platform is an essential but challenging problem due to the presence of a large number of heterogeneous applications running on shared resources. A security analysis system that can detect threats or malware must exist inside the cloud infrastructure. Much research has been done on machine learning-driven malware analysis, but it is limited in computational complexity and detection accuracy. To overcome these drawbacks, we proposed a new malware detection system based on the concept of clustering and trend micro locality sensitive hashing (TLSH). We used Cuckoo sandbox, which provides dynamic analysis reports of files by executing them in an isolated environment. We used a novel feature extraction algorithm to extract essential features from the malware reports obtained from the Cuckoo sandbox. Further, the most important features are selected using principal component analysis (PCA), random forest, and Chi-square feature selection methods. Subsequently, the experimental results are obtained for clustering and non-clustering approaches on three classifiers, including Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression. The model performance shows better classification accuracy and false positive rate (FPR) as compared to the state-of-the-art works and non-clustering approach at significantly lesser computation cost.

IoT and big data are energetic technology of the world for quite a time, and both of these have become a necessity. On the one side where IoT is used to connect different objectives via the internet, the big data means having a large number of the set of structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data. The device used for processing based on the tools used. These tools help provide meaningful information used for effective management in different domains. Some of the commonly faced issues with the inadequate about the technologies are related to data privacy, insufficient analytical capabilities, and this issue is faced by in different domains related to the big data. Data analytics tools help discover the pattern of data and consumer preferences which is resulting in better decision making for the organizations. The major part of this work is to review different types of data analytics techniques for the effective management of big data using IoT. For the effective management of the ABD solution collection, analysis and control are used as the components. Each of the ingredients is described to find an effective way to manage big data. These components are considered and used in the validation criteria. The solution of effective data management is a stage towards the management of big data in IoT devices which will help the user to understand different types of elements of data management.

The rapid development of cloud computing and the arrival of the big data era make the relationship between users and cloud closer. Cloud computing has powerful data computing and data storage capabilities, which can ubiquitously provide users with resources. However, users do not fully trust the cloud server's storage services, so lots of data is encrypted and uploaded to the cloud. Searchable encryption can protect the confidentiality of data and provide encrypted data retrieval functions. In this paper, we propose a time-controlled searchable encryption scheme with regular language over encrypted big data, which provides flexible search pattern and convenient data sharing. Our solution allows users with data's secret keys to generate trapdoors by themselves. And users without data's secret keys can generate trapdoors with the help of a trusted third party without revealing the data owner's secret key. Our system uses a time-controlled mechanism to collect keywords queried by users and ensures that the querying user's identity is not directly exposed. The obtained keywords are the basis for subsequent big data analysis. We conducted a security analysis of the proposed scheme and proved that the scheme is secure. The simulation experiment and comparison of our scheme show that the system has feasible efficiency.

The field of Big Data is expanding at an alarming rate since its inception in 2012. The excessive use of Social Networking Sites, collection of Data from Sensors for analysis and prediction of future events, improvement in Customer Satisfaction on Online S hopping portals by monitoring their past behavior and providing them information, items and offers of their interest instantaneously, etc had led to this rise in the field of Big Data. This huge amount of data, if analyzed and processed properly, can lead to decisions and outcomes that would be of great values and benefits to organizations and individuals. Security of Data and Privacy of User is of keen interest and high importance for individuals, industry and academia. Everyone ensure that their Sensitive information must be kept away from unauthorized access and their assets must be kept safe from security breaches. Privacy and Security are also equally important for Big Data and here, it is typical and complex to ensure the Privacy and Security, as the amount of data is enormous. One possible option to effectively and efficiently handle, process and analyze the Big Data is to make use of Machine Learning techniques. Machine Learning techniques are straightforward; applying them on Big Data requires resolution of various issues and is a challenging task, as the size of Data is too big. This paper provides a brief introduction to Big Data, the importance of Security and Privacy in Big Data and the various challenges that are required to overcome for applying the Machine Learning techniques on Big Data.

with the advent of Cloud Computing a new era of computing has come into existence. No doubt, there are numerous advantages associated with the Cloud Computing but, there is other side of the picture too. The challenges associated with it need a more promising reply as far as the security of data that is stored, in process and in transit is concerned. This paper put forth a cloud computing model that tries to answer the data security queries; we are talking about, in terms of the four cryptographic techniques namely Homomorphic Encryption (HE), Verifiable Computation (VC), Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMPC), Functional Encryption (FE). This paper takes into account the various cryptographic techniques to undertake cloud computing security issues. It also surveys these important (existing) cryptographic tools/techniques through a proposed Cloud computation model that can be used for Big Data applications. Further, these cryptographic tools are also taken into account in terms of CIA triad. Then, these tools/techniques are analyzed by comparing them on the basis of certain parameters of concern.

With the advancement of computing and communication technologies, data transmission in the internet are getting bigger and faster. However, it is necessary to secure the data to prevent fraud and criminal over the internet. Furthermore, most of the data related to statistics requires to be analyzed securely such as weather data, health data, financial and other services. This paper presents an implementation of cloud security using homomorphic encryption for data analytic in the cloud. We apply the homomorphic encryption that allows the data to be processed without being decrypted. Experimental results show that, for the polynomial degree 26, 28, and 210, the total executions are 2.2 ms, 4.4 ms, 25 ms per data, respectively. The implementation is useful for big data security such as for environment, financial and hospital data analytics.

Data mining visualization is an important aspect of big data visualization and analysis. The impact of the nature-inspired algorithm along with the impact of computing traditions for the complete visualization of the storage and data communication needs have been studied. This paper also explores the possibilities of the hybridization of data mining in terms of association of cloud computing. It also explores the data analytical view in the exploration of these approaches in terms of data storage in big data. Based on these aspects the methodological advancement along with the problem statements has been analyzed. This will help in the exploration of computational capability along with the new insights in this domain.

In cyber physical systems, cybersecurity and data privacy are among most critical considerations when dealing with communications, processing, and storage of data. Geospatial data and medical data are examples of big data that require seamless integration with computational algorithms as outlined in Industry 4.0 towards adoption of fourth industrial revolution. Healthcare Industry 4.0 is an application of the design principles of Industry 4.0 to the medical domain. Mobile applications are now widely used to accomplish important business functions in almost all industries. These mobile devices, however, are resource poor and proved insufficient for many important medical applications. Resource rich cloud services are used to augment poor mobile device resources for data and compute intensive applications in the mobile cloud computing paradigm. However, the performance of cloud services is undesirable for data-intensive, latency-sensitive mobile applications due increased hop count between the mobile device and the cloud server. Cloudlets are virtual machines hosted in server placed nearby the mobile device and offer an attractive alternative to the mobile cloud computing in the form of mobile edge computing. This paper outlines cybersecurity and data privacy aspects for communications of measured patient data from wearable wireless biosensors to nearby cloudlet host server in order to facilitate the cloudlet based preliminary and essential complex analytics for the medical big data.

This paper has firstly introduced big data services and cloud computing model based on different process forms, and analyzed the authentication technology and security services of the existing big data to understand their processing characteristics. Operation principles and complexity of the big data services and cloud computing have also been studied, and summary about their suitable environment and pros and cons have been made. Based on the Cloud Computing, the author has put forward the Model of Big Data Cloud Computing based on Extended Subjective Logic (MBDCC-ESL), which has introduced Jφsang's subjective logic to test the data credibility and expanded it to solve the problem of the trustworthiness of big data in the cloud computing environment. Simulation results show that the model works pretty well.

Big data provides a way to handle and analyze large amount of data or complex set. It provides a systematic extraction also. In this paper a hybrid security analysis based on intelligent adaptive learning in big data has been discussed with the current trends. This paper also explores the possibility of cloud computing collaboration with big data. The advantages along with the impact for the overall platform evaluation has been discussed with the traditional trends. It has been useful in the analysis and the exploration of future research. This discussion also covers the computational variability and the connotation in terms of data reliability, availability and management in big data with data security aspects.

Lately mining of information from online life is pulling in more consideration because of the blast in the development of Big Data. In security, Big Data manages an assortment of immense advanced data for investigating, envisioning and to draw the bits of knowledge for the expectation and anticipation of digital assaults. Big Data Analytics (BDA) is the term composed by experts to portray the art of dealing with, taking care of and gathering a great deal of data for future evaluation. Data is being made at an upsetting rate. The quick improvement of the Internet, Internet of Things (IoT) and other creative advances are the rule liable gatherings behind this proceeded with advancement. The data made is an impression of the earth, it is conveyed out of, along these lines can use the data got away from structures to understand the internal exercises of that system. This has become a significant element in cyber security where the objective is to secure resources. Moreover, the developing estimation of information has made large information a high worth objective. Right now, investigate ongoing exploration works in cyber security comparable to huge information and feature how Big information is secured and how huge information can likewise be utilized as a device for cyber security. Simultaneously, a Big Data based concentrated log investigation framework is actualized to distinguish the system traffic happened with assailants through DDOS, SQL Injection and Bruce Force assault. The log record is naturally transmitted to the brought together cloud server and big information is started in the investigation process.

Cloud security has been of utmost concern for researchers and cloud deployers since the inception of cloud computing. Methods like PKI, hashing, encryption, etc. have proven themselves useful throughout cloud technology development, but they are not considered as a complete security solution for all kinds of cloud authentications. Moreover, data sharing in the cloud has also become a question of research due to the abundant use of data storage available on the cloud. To solve these issues, a Kerberos-based time-to-live (TTL) inspired data sharing and authentication mechanism is proposed on the cloud. The algorithm combines the two algorithms and provides a better cloud deployment infrastructure. It uses state-of-the-art elliptic curve cryptography along with a secure hashing algorithm (SHA 256) for authentication, and group-based time-to-live data sharing to evaluate the file-sharing status for the users. The result evaluates the system under different authentication attacks, and it is observed that the system is efficient under any kind of attack and any kind of file sharing process.

Virtualization and Software-defined Networking (SDN) are emerging technologies that play a major role in cloud computing. Cloud computing provides efficient utilization, high performance, and resource availability on demand. However, virtualization environments are vulnerable to various types of intrusion attacks that involve installing malicious software and denial of services (DoS) attacks. Utilizing SDN technology, makes the idea of SDN-based security applications attractive in the fight against DoS attacks. Network intrusion detection system (IDS) which is used to perform network traffic analysis as a detection system implemented on SDN networks to protect virtualization servers from HTTP DoS attacks. The experimental results show that SDN-based IDS is able to detect and mitigate HTTP DoS attacks effectively.

Taking care of security at the cloud is a major issue that needs to be carefully considered and solved for both individuals as well as organizations. Organizations usually expect more trust from employees as well as customers in one hand. On the other hand, cloud users expect their private data is maintained and secured. Although this must be case, however, some malicious outsiders of the cloud as well as malicious insiders who are cloud internal users tend to disclose private data for their malicious uses. Although outsiders of the cloud should be a concern, however, the more serious problems come from Insiders whose malicious actions are more serious and sever. Hence, insiders' threats in the cloud should be the top most problem that needs to be tackled and resolved. This paper aims to find a proper solution for the insider threat problem in the cloud. The paper presents a Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) mitigation model as a solution that suits the specialized nature of this problem where the solution needs to be very close to the place where insiders reside. This in fact gives real-time responses to attack, and hence, reduces the overhead in the cloud.