| Title | Manipulation of Magnetic Properties by Tunable Magnetic Dipoles in a Ferromagnetic Thin Film |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2017 |
| Authors | Maity, T., Roy*, S. |
| Journal | IEEE Magnetics Letters |
| Volume | 8 |
| Pagination | 1–4 |
| ISSN | 1949-307X |
| Keywords | 3D modulated structure, 3D nanostructures, compositionality, continuous ferromagnetic films, dipolar energy, dipole-dipole interactions, ferromagnetic materials, ferromagnetic thin film, ferromagnetic thin films, geometrical arrangement, global magnetic properties, high-resolution magnetic measurements, in-plane directions, In-plane magnetic dipole rotation, induce magnetic dipoles, iron alloys, Magnetic anisotropy, magnetic dipoles, Magnetic domains, magnetic film, Magnetic films, magnetic force microscopy, magnetic moments, magnetic properties, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic thin films, magnetic transitions, Magnetization, Magnetostatic waves, Magnetostatics, metallic thin films, metastable state, metastable-stable state transformation, micromagnetic simulation, micromagnetics, nanoimprint lithography, nanomagnetics, nanostructured materials, Ni45Fe55, nickel alloys, out-of-plane directions, Permalloy, Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, pubcrawl, remanence, remanent state, resilience, Resiliency, single magnetic domain, Soft magnetic materials, solid-state phase transformations, submicrometer scale location, three-dimensional modulated structure, tunable magnetic dipoles, vortex formation, zero remanence |
| Abstract | We demonstrate how a unique nanomodulation within a continuous ferromagnetic film can induce magnetic dipoles at predefined, submicrometer scale locations, which can tune the global magnetic properties of the film due to dipole-dipole interactions. Arrays of tunable magnetic dipoles are generated with in-plane and out-of-plane directions, which can be rotated in-plane within the three-dimensional (3-D) modulated structure of a continuous film. In-plane magnetic dipole rotation enables a methodology to control overall magnetic properties of a ferromagnetic thin film. Formation of magnetic dipoles and their tunability were studied in detail by magnetic force microscopy, high-resolution magnetic measurements, and micromagnetic simulation of a nanomodulated Ni45Fe55 alloy film. A pattern larger than a single magnetic domain would normally form a vortex in the remanent state. However, here the unique 3-D nanostructure prevents vortex formation due to the competition between in-plane and out-of-plane dipole-dipole interaction giving rise to a metastable state. Experimentally, at zero remanence, the magnetization goes through a transformation from a metastable to a stable state, where the dipole-dipole interaction depends on their geometrical arrangement. Thus, the magnetic properties of the continuous film can be varied by the proposed pattern geometry. A detail analytical study of the dipolar energy for the system agrees well with the experimental and simulated results. |
| DOI | 10.1109/LMAG.2017.2685585 |
| Citation Key | maity_manipulation_2017 |
Manipulation of Magnetic Properties by Tunable Magnetic Dipoles in a Ferromagnetic Thin Film