Visible to the public Biblio

Filters: Keyword is Signal to noise ratio  [Clear All Filters]
2020-07-03
Gupta, Arpit, Kaur, Arashdeep, Dutta, Malay Kishore, Schimmel, Jiří.  2019.  Perceptually Transparent Robust Audio Watermarking Algorithm Using Multi Resolution Decomposition Cordic QR Decomposition. 2019 42nd International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP). :313—317.

This paper proposes an audio watermarking algorithm having good balance between perceptual transparency, robustness, and payload. The proposed algorithm is based on Cordic QR decomposition and multi-resolution decomposition meeting all the necessary audio watermarking design requirements. The use of Cordic QR decomposition provides good robustness and use of detailed coefficients of multi-resolution decomposition help to obtain good transparency at high payload. Also, the proposed algorithm does not require original signal or the embedded watermark for extraction. The binary data embedding capacity of the proposed algorithm is 960.4 bps and the highest SNR obtained is 35.1380 dB. The results obtained in this paper show that the proposed method has good perceptual transparency, high payload and robustness under various audio signal processing attacks.

2020-06-19
Tanizawa, Ken, Futami, Fumio.  2019.  Digital Coherent 20-Gbit/s DP-PSK Y-00 Quantum Stream Cipher Transmission over 800-km SSMF. 2019 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC). :1—3.

We demonstrate secure fiber-optic transmission utilizing quantum-noise signal masking by 217-level random phase modulation. Masking of 157 signal phase levels at a BER of HD-FEC threshold is achieved without significant impacts on the transmission performance.

2020-06-02
Kundu, M. K., Shabab, S., Badrudduza, A. S. M..  2019.  Information Theoretic Security over α-µ/α-µ Composite Multipath Fading Channel. 2019 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP). :1—4.

Multipath fading as well as shadowing is liable for the leakage of confidential information from the wireless channels. In this paper a solution to this information leakage is proposed, where a source transmits signal through a α-μ/α-μ composite fading channel considering an eavesdropper is present in the system. Secrecy enhancement is investigated with the help of two fading parameters α and μ. To mitigate the impacts of shadowing a α-μ distribution is considered whose mean is another α-μ distribution which helps to moderate the effects multipath fading. The mathematical expressions of some secrecy matrices such as the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity and the secure outage probability are obtained in closed-form to analyze security of the wireless channel in light of the channel parameters. Finally, Monte-Carlo simulations are provided to justify the correctness of the derived expressions.

2020-03-04
Korzhik, Valery, Starostin, Vladimir, Morales-Luna, Guillermo, Kabardov, Muaed, Gerasimovich, Aleksandr, Yakovlev, Victor, Zhuvikin, Aleksey.  2019.  Information Theoretical Secure Key Sharing Protocol for Noiseless Public Constant Parameter Channels without Cryptographic Assumptions. 2019 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS). :327–332.

We propose a new key sharing protocol executed through any constant parameter noiseless public channel (as Internet itself) without any cryptographic assumptions and protocol restrictions on SNR in the eavesdropper channels. This protocol is based on extraction by legitimate users of eigenvalues from randomly generated matrices. A similar protocol was proposed recently by G. Qin and Z. Ding. But we prove that, in fact, this protocol is insecure and we modify it to be both reliable and secure using artificial noise and privacy amplification procedure. Results of simulation prove these statements.

2020-03-02
Illi, Elmehdi, Bouanani, Faissal El, da Costa, Daniel Benevides, Sofotasios, Paschalis C., Ayoub, Fouad, Mezher, Kahtan, Muhaidat, Sami.  2019.  On the Physical Layer Security of a Regenerative Relay-Based mixed RF/UOWC. 2019 International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking (CommNet). :1–7.
This paper investigates the secrecy outage performance of a dual-hop decode-and-forward (DF) mixed radio-frequency/underwater optical wireless communication (RF/UOWC) system. We consider a one-antenna source node ( S), communicating with one legitimate destination node (D) via a multi-antenna DF relay (R) node. In this context, the relay node receives the incoming signal from S via an RF link, which is subject to Rayleigh fading, then performes selection-combining (SC) followed by decoding and then re-encoding for transmission to the destination over a UOWC link, subject to mixture Exponential-Gamma fading. Under the assumption of eavesdroppers attempting to intercept the S-R (RF side), a closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability is derived. Our analytical results are corroborated through computer simulations, which verifies their validity.
Illi, Elmehdi, Bouanani, Faissal El, Ayoub, Fouad.  2019.  Physical Layer Security of an Amplify-and-Forward Energy Harvesting-Based Mixed RF/UOW System. 2019 International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking (CommNet). :1–8.
This paper investigates the secrecy outage performance of an energy harvesting-based dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) mixed radio-frequency/underwater optical wireless communication (RF/UOWC) system. A single-antenna source node (S) is considered, communicating with one legitimate destination node (D) with the aid of a multi-antenna AF relay (R) device. In this setup, the relay node receives the incoming signal from S via an RF link, which is subject to Nakagami-m fading, then performs maximal-ratio-combining (MRC) followed by a fixed-gain amplification, before transmitting it to the destination via a UOWC link, subject to mixture Exponential-Gamma fading. Assuming the presence of a malicious eavesdropper attempting to intercept the S- R hop, a tight approximate expression for the secrecy outage probability is retrieved. The derived results provide useful insights into the influence of key system parameters on the secrecy outage performance. Our analytical results are corroborated through computer simulations, which verifies their validity.
2020-02-17
Lin, Yun, Chang, Jie.  2019.  Improving Wireless Network Security Based On Radio Fingerprinting. 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security Companion (QRS-C). :375–379.
With the rapid development of the popularity of wireless networks, there are also increasing security threats that follow, and wireless network security issues are becoming increasingly important. Radio frequency fingerprints generated by device tolerance in wireless device transmitters have physical characteristics that are difficult to clone, and can be used for identity authentication of wireless devices. In this paper, we propose a radio frequency fingerprint extraction method based on fractional Fourier transform for transient signals. After getting the features of the signal, we use RPCA to reduce the dimension of the features, and then use KNN to classify them. The results show that when the SNR is 20dB, the recognition rate of this method is close to 100%.
2020-01-20
Chawla, Nikhil, Singh, Arvind, Rahman, Nael Mizanur, Kar, Monodeep, Mukhopadhyay, Saibal.  2019.  Extracting Side-Channel Leakage from Round Unrolled Implementations of Lightweight Ciphers. 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST). :31–40.

Energy efficiency and security is a critical requirement for computing at edge nodes. Unrolled architectures for lightweight cryptographic algorithms have been shown to be energy-efficient, providing higher performance while meeting resource constraints. Hardware implementations of unrolled datapaths have also been shown to be resistant to side channel analysis (SCA) attacks due to a reduction in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and an increased complexity in the leakage model. This paper demonstrates optimal leakage models and an improved CFA attack which makes it feasible to extract first-order side-channel leakages from combinational logic in the initial rounds of unrolled datapaths. Several leakage models, targeting initial rounds, are explored and 1-bit hamming weight (HW) based leakage model is shown to be an optimal choice. Additionally, multi-band narrow bandpass filtering techniques in conjunction with correlation frequency analysis (CFA) is demonstrated to improve SNR by up to 4×, attributed to the removal of the misalignment effect in combinational logics and signal isolation. The improved CFA attack is performed on side channel signatures acquired for 7-round unrolled SIMON datapaths, implemented on Sakura-G (XILINX spartan 6, 45nm) based FPGA platform and a 24× reduction in minimum-traces-to-disclose (MTD) for revealing 80% of the key bits is demonstrated with respect to conventional time domain correlation power analysis (CPA). Finally, the proposed method is successfully applied to a fully-unrolled datapath for PRINCE and a parallel round-based datapath for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm to demonstrate its general applicability.

2019-12-05
Mu, Li, Mianquan, Li, Yuzhen, Huang, Hao, Yin, Yan, Wang, Baoquan, Ren, Xiaofei, Qu, Rui, Yu.  2018.  Security Analysis of Overlay Cognitive Wireless Networks with an Untrusted Secondary User. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC). :1-5.

In this article, we study the transmission secrecy performance of primary user in overlay cognitive wireless networks, in which an untrusted energy-limited secondary cooperative user assists the primary transmission to exchange for the spectrum resource. In the network, the information can be simultaneously transmitted through the direct and relay links. For the enhancement of primary transmission security, a maximum ratio combining (MRC) scheme is utilized by the receiver to exploit the two copies of source information. For the security analysis, we firstly derive the tight lower bound expression for secrecy outage probability (SOP). Then, three asymptotic expressions for SOP are also expressed to further analyze the impacts of the transmit power and the location of secondary cooperative node on the primary user information security. The findings show that the primary user information secrecy performance enhances with the improvement of transmit power. Moreover, the smaller the distance between the secondary node and the destination, the better the primary secrecy performance.

Yadav, Kuldeep, Roy, Sanjay Dhar, Kundu, Sumit.  2018.  Total Error Reduction in Presence of Malicious User in a Cognitive Radio Network. 2018 2nd International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering Nano-Technology (IEMENTech). :1-4.

Primary user emulation (PUE) attack causes security issues in a cognitive radio network (CRN) while sensing the unused spectrum. In PUE attack, malicious users transmit an emulated primary signal in spectrum sensing interval to secondary users (SUs) to forestall them from accessing the primary user (PU) spectrum bands. In the present paper, the defense against such attack by Neyman-Pearson criterion is shown in terms of total error probability. Impact of several parameters such as attacker strength, attacker's presence probability, and signal-to-noise ratio on SU is shown. Result shows proposed method protect the harmful effects of PUE attack in spectrum sensing.

Bouabdellah, Mounia, Ghribi, Elias, Kaabouch, Naima.  2019.  RSS-Based Localization with Maximum Likelihood Estimation for PUE Attacker Detection in Cognitive Radio Networks. 2019 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (EIT). :1-6.

With the rapid proliferation of mobile users, the spectrum scarcity has become one of the issues that have to be addressed. Cognitive Radio technology addresses this problem by allowing an opportunistic use of the spectrum bands. In cognitive radio networks, unlicensed users can use licensed channels without causing harmful interference to licensed users. However, cognitive radio networks can be subject to different security threats which can cause severe performance degradation. One of the main attacks on these networks is the primary user emulation in which a malicious node emulates the characteristics of the primary user signals. In this paper, we propose a detection technique of this attack based on the RSS-based localization with the maximum likelihood estimation. The simulation results show that the proposed technique outperforms the RSS-based localization method in detecting the primary user emulation attacker.

2019-11-27
MirhoseiniNejad, S. Mohamad, Rahmanpour, Ali, Razavizadeh, S. Mohammad.  2018.  Phase Jamming Attack: A Practical Attack on Physical Layer-Based Key Derivation. 2018 15th International ISC (Iranian Society of Cryptology) Conference on Information Security and Cryptology (ISCISC). :1–4.

Key derivation from the physical layer features of the communication channels is a promising approach which can help the key management and security enhancement in communication networks. In this paper, we consider a key generation technique that quantizes the received signal phase to obtain the secret keys. We then study the effect of a jamming attack on this system. The jammer is an active attacker that tries to make a disturbance in the key derivation procedure and changes the phase of the received signal by transmitting an adversary signal. We evaluate the effect of jamming on the security performance of the system and show the ways to improve this performance. Our numerical results show that more phase quantization regions limit the probability of successful attacks.

2019-09-30
Hohlfeld, J., Czoschke, P., Asselin, P., Benakli, M..  2019.  Improving Our Understanding of Measured Jitter (in HAMR). IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 55:1–11.

The understanding of measured jitter is improved in three ways. First, it is shown that the measured jitter is not only governed by written-in jitter and the reader resolution along the cross-track direction but by remanence noise in the vicinity of transitions and the down-track reader resolution as well. Second, a novel data analysis scheme is introduced that allows for an unambiguous separation of these two contributions. Third, based on data analyses involving the first two learnings and micro-magnetic simulations, we identify and explain the root causes for variations of jitter with write current (WC) (write field), WC overshoot amplitude (write-field rise time), and linear disk velocity measured for heat-assisted magnetic recording.

Jiao, Y., Hohlfield, J., Victora, R. H..  2018.  Understanding Transition and Remanence Noise in HAMR. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 54:1–5.

Transition noise and remanence noise are the two most important types of media noise in heat-assisted magnetic recording. We examine two methods (spatial splitting and principal components analysis) to distinguish them: both techniques show similar trends with respect to applied field and grain pitch (GP). It was also found that PW50can be affected by GP and reader design, but is almost independent of write field and bit length (larger than 50 nm). Interestingly, our simulation shows a linear relationship between jitter and PW50NSRrem, which agrees qualitatively with experimental results.

2019-09-05
Ta, H. Q., Kim, S. W..  2019.  Covert Communication Under Channel Uncertainty and Noise Uncertainty. ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC). :1-6.

Covert or low probability of detection communication is crucial to protect user privacy and provide a strong security. We analyze the joint impact of imperfect knowledge of the channel gain (channel uncertainty) and noise power (noise uncertainty) on the average probability of detection error at the eavesdropper and the covert throughput in Rayleigh fading channel. We characterize the covert throughput gain provided by the channel uncertainty as well as the covert throughput loss caused by the channel fading as a function of the noise uncertainty. Our result shows that the channel fading is essential to hiding the signal transmission, particularly when the noise uncertainty is below a threshold and/or the receive SNR is above a threshold. The impact of the channel uncertainty on the average probability of detection error and covert throughput is more significant when the noise uncertainty is larger.

2019-03-25
Yıldırım, A. Y., Kurt, G. K..  2018.  A filter selection based physical layer security system. 2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). :1–4.
In this paper a new physical layer security method is proposed against eavesdropping attacks. Our purpose is to demonstrate that performance of the legitimate receiver can be increased and performance of the eavesdropper can be decreased by matching between the roll of factors of root raised cosine filters in the transmitter and receiver. Through the matching between the roll of factors (a), a performance difference is generated between the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper. By using three software defined radio nodes error vector magnitude of the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper is measured according to roll of factors. Performance differences the receiver are demonstrated when the roll off factor is matched and mismatched.
Son, W., Jung, B. C., Kim, C., Kim, J. M..  2018.  Pseudo-Random Beamforming with Beam Selection for Improving Physical-Layer Security. 2018 Tenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN). :382–384.
In this paper, we propose a novel pseudo-random beamforming technique with beam selection for improving physical-layer security (PLS) in a downlink cellular network where consists of a base station (BS) with Ntantennas, NMSlegitimate mobile stations (MSs), and NEeavesdroppers. In the proposed technique, the BS generates multiple candidates of beamforming matrix each of which consists of orthogonal beamforming vectors in a pseudo-random manner. Each legitimate MS opportunistically feeds back the received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) value for all beamforming vectors to the BS. The BS transmits data to the legitimate MSs with the optimal beamforming matrix among multiple beam forming matrices that maximizes the secrecy sum-rate. Simulation results show that the proposed technique outperforms the conventional random beamforming technique in terms of the achievable secrecy sum-rate.
2019-03-11
Ghafoor, K. Z., Kong, L., Sadiq, A. S., Doukha, Z., Shareef, F. M..  2018.  Trust-aware routing protocol for mobile crowdsensing environments. IEEE INFOCOM 2018 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS). :82–87.
Link quality, trust management and energy efficiency are considered as main factors that affect the performance and lifetime of Mobile CrowdSensing (MCS). Routing packets toward the sink node can be a daunting task if aforementioned factors are considered. Correspondingly, routing packets by considering only shortest path or residual energy lead to suboptimal data forwarding. To this end, we propose a Fuzzy logic based Routing (FR) solution that incorporates social behaviour of human beings, link quality, and node quality to make the optimal routing decision. FR leverages friendship mechanism for trust management, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) to assure good link quality node selection, and residual energy for long lasting sensor lifetime. Extensive simulations show that the FR solution outperforms the existing approaches in terms of network lifetime and packet delivery ratio.
2019-01-21
Martinek, Radek, Kahankova, Radana, Bilik, Petr, Nedoma, Jan, Fajkus, Marcel, Blaha, Petr.  2018.  Speech Quality Assessment Based on Virtual Instrumentation. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation. :49–53.

This paper introduces a program for objective and subjective evaluation of speech quality. Using this environment, a lot of speech recordings and various indoor and outdoor noises were processed. As a subjective speech evaluation method, the Dynamic time warping (DTW) method was selected, with PARCOR coefficients being chosen as symptom vectors. For the filtration of the noise in the recording, adaptive filtering based on LMS and RLS algorithms was used and the performance of the adaptive filtering was assessed. Similarity ranged from 70% to 95% for both algorithms. In terms of signal to noise ratio, the RLS algorithm ranged from 36 dB to 42 dB, while the LMS algorithm only varied from 20 dB to 29 dB.

Cho, S., Chen, G., Chun, H., Coon, J. P., O'Brien, D..  2018.  Impact of multipath reflections on secrecy in VLC systems with randomly located eavesdroppers. 2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). :1–6.
Considering reflected light in physical layer security (PLS) is very important because a small portion of reflected light enables an eavesdropper (ED) to acquire legitimate information. Moreover, it would be a practical strategy for an ED to be located at an outer area of the room, where the reflection light is strong, in order to escape the vigilance of a legitimate user. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the impact of multipath reflections on PLS in visible light communication in the presence of randomly located eavesdroppers. We apply spatial point processes to characterize randomly distributed EDs. The generalized error in signal-to-noise ratio that occurs when reflections are ignored is defined as a function of the distance between the receiver and the wall. We use this error for quantifying the domain of interest that needs to be considered from the secrecy viewpoint. Furthermore, we investigate how the reflection affects the secrecy outage probability (SOP). It is shown that the effect of the reflection on the SOP can be removed by adjusting the light emitting diode configuration. Monte Carlo simulations and numerical results are given to verify our analysis.
Lian, J., Wang, X., Noshad, M., Brandt-Pearce, M..  2018.  Optical Wireless Interception Vulnerability Analysis of Visible Light Communication System. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC). :1–6.
Visible light communication is a solution for high-security wireless data transmission. In this paper, we first analyze the potential vulnerability of the system from eavesdropping outside the room. By setting up a signal to noise ratio threshold, we define a vulnerable area outside of the room through a window. We compute the receiver aperture needed to capture the signal and what portion of the space is most vulnerable to eavesdropping. Based on the analysis, we propose a solution to improve the security by optimizing the modulation efficiency of each LED in the indoor lamp. The simulation results show that the proposed solution can improve the security considerably while maintaining the indoor communication performance.
2018-12-10
Hu, Y., Abuzainab, N., Saad, W..  2018.  Dynamic Psychological Game for Adversarial Internet of Battlefield Things Systems. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC). :1–6.

In this paper, a novel game-theoretic framework is introduced to analyze and enhance the security of adversarial Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) systems. In particular, a dynamic, psychological network interdiction game is formulated between a soldier and an attacker. In this game, the soldier seeks to find the optimal path to minimize the time needed to reach a destination, while maintaining a desired bit error rate (BER) performance by selectively communicating with certain IoBT devices. The attacker, on the other hand, seeks to find the optimal IoBT devices to attack, so as to maximize the BER of the soldier and hinder the soldier's progress. In this game, the soldier and attacker's first- order and second-order beliefs on each others' behavior are formulated to capture their psychological behavior. Using tools from psychological game theory, the soldier and attacker's intention to harm one another is captured in their utilities, based on their beliefs. A psychological forward induction-based solution is proposed to solve the dynamic game. This approach can find a psychological sequential equilibrium of the game, upon convergence. Simulation results show that, whenever the soldier explicitly intends to frustrate the attacker, the soldier's material payoff is increased by up to 15.6% compared to a traditional dynamic Bayesian game.

2018-11-19
Yang, M., Wang, A., Sun, G., Liang, S., Zhang, J., Wang, F..  2017.  Signal Distribution Optimization for Cabin Visible Light Communications by Using Weighted Search Bat Algorithm. 2017 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC). :1025–1030.
With increasing demand for travelling, high-quality network service is important to people in vehicle cabins. Visible light communication (VLC) system is more appropriate than wireless local area network considering the security, communication speed, and narrow shape of the cabin. However, VLC exhibits technical limitations, such as uneven distribution of optical signals. In this regard, we propose a novel weight search bat algorithm (WSBA) to calculate a set of optimal power adjustment factors to reduce fluctuation in signal distributions. Simulation results show that the fairness of signal distribution in the cabin optimized by WSBA is better than that of the non-optimized signal distribution. Moreover, the coverage rate of WSBA is higher than that of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization.
2018-10-26
Subramani, K. S., Antonopoulos, A., Abotabl, A. A., Nosratinia, A., Makris, Y..  2017.  INFECT: INconspicuous FEC-based Trojan: A hardware attack on an 802.11a/g wireless network. 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST). :90–94.

We discuss the threat that hardware Trojans (HTs) impose on wireless networks, along with possible remedies for mitigating the risk. We first present an HT attack on an 802.11a/g transmitter (TX), which exploits Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding. While FEC seeks to protect the transmitted signal against channel noise, it often offers more protection than needed by the actual channel. This margin is precisely where our HT finds room to stage an attack. We, then, introduce a Trojan-agnostic method which can be applied at the receiver (RX) to detect such attacks. This method monitors the noise distribution, to identify systematic inconsistencies which may be caused by an HT. Lastly, we describe a Wireless open-Access Research Platform (WARP) based experimental setup to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed attack and defense. More specifically, we evaluate (i) the ability of a rogue RX to extract the leaked information, while an unsuspecting, legitimate RX accurately recovers the original message and remains oblivious to the attack, and (ii) the ability of channel noise profiling to detect the presence of the HT.

Taieb, M. H., Chouinard, J..  2017.  Physical layer security using BCH and LDPC codes with adaptive granular HARQ. 2017 IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS). :564–569.

Transmission techniques based on channel coding with feedback are proposed in this paper to enhance the security of wireless communications systems at the physical layer. Reliable and secure transmission over an additive noise Gaussian wiretap channel is investigated using Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) channel codes. A hybrid automatic repeat-request (HARQ) protocol is used to allow for the retransmission of coded packets requested by the intended receiver (Bob). It is assumed that an eavesdropper (Eve) has access to all forward and feedback transmitted packets. To limit the information leakage to Eve, retransmitted packets are subdivided into smaller granular subpackets. Retransmissions are stopped as soon as the decoding process at the legitimate (Bob) receiver converges. For the hard decision decoded BCH codes, a framework to compute the frame error probability with granular HARQ is proposed. For LDPC codes, the HARQ retransmission requests are based on received symbols likelihood computations: the legitimate recipient request for the retransmission of the set of bits that are more likely to help for successful LDPC decoding. The performances of the proposed techniques are assessed for nul and negative security gap (SG) values, that is when the eavesdropper's channel benefits from equal or better channel conditions than the legitimate channel.