Visible to the public Work-in-Progress: Towards a Smaller than Grain Stream Cipher: Optimized FPGA Implementations of Fruit-80

TitleWork-in-Progress: Towards a Smaller than Grain Stream Cipher: Optimized FPGA Implementations of Fruit-80
Publication TypeConference Paper
Year of Publication2022
AuthorsYang, Gangqiang, Shi, Zhengyuan, Chen, Cheng, Xiong, Hailiang, Hu, Honggang, Wan, Zhiguo, Gai, Keke, Qiu, Meikang
Conference Name2022 International Conference on Compilers, Architecture, and Synthesis for Embedded Systems (CASES)
KeywordsCiphers, Computer aided software engineering, Cyber-physical systems, Embedded systems, field programmable gate arrays, Flip-flops, FPGA implementation, Fruit-80, Grain, Internet of Things, Lightweight Ciphers, lightweight cryptography, Optimization, parallelism, pubcrawl, Resiliency, Scalability, stream cipher
AbstractFruit-80, an ultra-lightweight stream cipher with 80-bit secret key, is oriented toward resource constrained devices in the Internet of Things. In this paper, we propose area and speed optimization architectures of Fruit-80 on FPGAs. The area optimization architecture reuses NFSR&LFSR feedback functions and achieves the most suitable ratio of look-up-tables and flip-flops. The speed optimization architecture adopts a hybrid approach for parallelization and reduces the latency of long data paths by pre-generating primary feedback and inserting flip-flops. In conclusion, the optimal throughput-to-area ratio of the speed optimization architecture is better than that of Grain v1. The area optimization architecture occupies only 35 slices on Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA, smaller than that of Grain and other common stream ciphers. To the best of our knowledge, this result sets a new record of the minimum area in lightweight cipher implementations on FPGA.
DOI10.1109/CASES55004.2022.00016
Citation Keyyang_work–progress_2022