National CPS PI Meeting 2015
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Abstract:
The main goal of this project is to lay down the foundations of a novel approach based on opportunistic statetriggered aperiodic control for networked cyberphysical systems that leverages their cooperative nature. Most networked controllers are not implementable over embedded digital computer systems because they rely on continuous time or synchronous executions that are costly to enforce.
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This project develops an integrated framework of communications, computation and control for understanding wide-area power system performance in the face of unpredictable disturbances. The power system is chosen as a particularly challenging cyber physical system (CPS) due to its extreme dimension, geographic reach and high reliability requirements.
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The objective of this research is to design a semi-automated, efficient, and secure emergency response system to reduce the time it takes emergency vehicles to reach their destinations, while increasing the safety of non-emergency vehicles and emergency vehicles alike. Providing route and maneuver guidance to emergency vehicles and non-emergency vehicles will make emergency travel safer and enable police and other first responders to reach and transport those in need, in less time.
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The ongoing research aims to develop rules to study and methods to coordinate a network of fully and partially self-driving vehicles, interacting with conventional vehicles driven by people on a complex road grid, so that overall safety and efficiency of the traffic system can be improved.
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Many practical systems can be categorized as cyber physical systems (CPSs), such as smart grid, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and robotic networks. A typical CPS consists of physical dynamics, sensors, communication network and controllers. The communication network is of key importance in CPS, since it mimics the nerve system in the human body. Hence, it is critical to study how the communication network in CPS should be analyzed and designed.
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This project develops a theoretical framework as well as software tools to support testing and verification of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) within a Model-Based Design (MBD) process. The theoretical bases of the framework are stochastic optimization methods, and robustness notions of formal specification languages.
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Medical devices are typically developed as stand-alone units. Current industrial Verification and Validation (V&V) techniques primarily target stand-alone systems. Moreover, the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) regulatory clearance processes are designed to approve such devices that are integrated by a single manufacturer with complete control over all components.
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Automotive applications require an exceptionally high level of confidence. For instance, the faulty ignition switches in General Motors vehicles have resulted in 52 crashes and at least 2.6 million vehicles with these switches have been recalled. If each vehicle spent only 1,000 hours on the road, there has been less than 1 crash every 5 x 107 hours of operation. Test tracks and simulations are unable to reliably detect failures that occur this infrequently.
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This project is to develop dynamical models of distributed computation systems that are resilient to noise, unreliable communication and other source uncertainty. The key idea is centered on the development of optimization systems. These are dynamical systems that (solve) stabilize around the optimal solution of a (static) convex optimization problem. If the optimization problem is separable, then the designed dynamic system decomposes into a set of locally interacting dynamic systems.
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In many important situations, analytically predicting the behavior of physical systems is not possible. For example, the three dimensional nature of physical systems makes it provably impossible to express closed-form analytical solutions for even the simplest systems. This has made experimentation the primary modality for designing new cyber-physical systems (CPS).
